In order to "roll over" Latin America's high external debts, international lenders like the IMF (the International Monetary Fund) promoted Neoliberal policies called "the Washington Consensus" where they: (choose the best answer) advised Latin American countries to keep their social spending at previous levels O advised the Latin American countries to stop making payments on their external debt O typically insisted on reductions in social spending O insisted on increased social spending
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- Which of the following is a major benefit of international lending? O It eliminates exchange rate risk in financial activities. It requires reducing restrictive international trade practices in the lending and the borrowing countries. It allows both small countries and large countries to apply similar levels of optimal taxes on the international loans. O It allows some lenders to shift their lending to foreign borrowers who are willing to pay higher interest rates on the loans.If the national debt increases, is it true that we need not worry about the debt as long as the country is able to make payments on the debt? State why or why not. Explain your answer clearly.Which of the following best describes a key reason why the Euro currency has not fully lived up to its promise of providing financial solutions? The European Central Bank was unable to control inflation. All nations in the European Union adopted the Euro at the same rate. The Euro was primarily used for tourism and not for major financial transactions. All nations in the European Union are not equally financed and do not possess equal infrastructure, with Eastern Europe dominating the Union.
- Which of the following statements is true of export financing? Governments may promote exports by offering loan guarantees. The Ex-Im Bank finances the export activities of companies all over the world. Small businesses that have just started to export are financially stable and seldom require financing from government agencies. Governments usually offer loans to exporters with above-market interest rates.If a country devalues its currency, that will immediately improve its trade deficit.1. In order to reduce its current-account deficit, the United States would NOT do which of the following? a . raise national product relative to national spending b. decrease savings relative to domestic investment c . increase savings relative to domestic investment d . reduce the federal budget deficit
- What has been the role of IMF loans in international affairs addresing financial crisis? Why are they so controversial?Why might a foreign government’s policies be closely monitored by investors in other countries, even if the investors plan no investments in that country? Explain how monetary policy in one country can affect interest rates in other countries.Suppose the Japanese government pegs the yen to the U.S. dollar. What could the Japanese central bank do to prevent depreciation of the yen against the dollar in the foreign exchange market? It would lower interest rates to discourage exports to the United States. It would increase its official reserve holdings by buying dollars in the foreign exchange market. It would print new yen currency notes and exchange them for Japanese government bonds in an open market operation. It would buy yen and sell dollars in the foreign exchange market.