Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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In guinea pigs, black hair is dominant over white hair. If a homozygous black guinea pig (father) were crossed with a homozygous white guinea pig (mother), the first generation of offspring would be all black.

Match the mother's and father's genotypes and phenotypes to their correct description.
1.
mother's phenotype
2.
father's phenotype
3.
father's genotype
4.
mother's genotype
a.
black
b.
HH
c.
white
d.
hh
Expert Solution
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Step 1

Homozygous:  The term homozygous refers to individuals who have the same or identical alleles for a given trait at similar loci on paired chromosomes (i.e. homologous chromosomes). There are two sets of chromosomes in a diploid organism. One pair is inherited from the mother, while the other is inherited from the father. Based on their locations, each maternal chromosome has a matched paternal chromosome. Homozygous means that the loci in the corresponding chromosomes have the identical alleles. It signifies that the alleles have the same trait coded for them.

For a given trait, a 'homozygous' organism is defined as having either a pair of dominant alleles (e.g. HH) or a pair of recessive alleles (e.g. hh).

Heterozygous: 

A cell, a nucleus, or an individual organism that harbours different or non-identical alleles for a certain trait at the same locus on homologous chromosomes is referred to as heterozygous. It signifies that the alleles that code for the same gene or trait are different, as opposed to homozygous, which means that the alleles are the same.

 

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