Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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answer choices: reversible arrows, forward only arrow, or reverse only arrow

In each of the net ionic equations below, select which type of arrow should be used.

**Buffer equilibrium:**

\[ \text{HC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2 \quad [\text{Select}] \quad \text{H}^+ + \text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^- \]

**Neutralization of the buffer with a base:**

\[ \text{HC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2 + \text{OH}^- \quad [\text{Select}] \quad \text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^- + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]

**Neutralization of the buffer with an acid:**

\[ \text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^- + \text{H}^+ \quad [\text{Select}] \quad \text{HC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2 \]

**Explanation:**

In the equations above, a buffer consisting of acetic acid (\(\text{HC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2\)) and its conjugate base (\(\text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^-\)) is being analyzed. The type of arrow indicates the nature of the chemical reaction: equilibrium, complete reaction, or non-reaction.

1. **Buffer Equilibrium:** This involves a reversible reaction where the weak acid (\(\text{HC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2\)) partially dissociates into hydrogen ions (\(\text{H}^+\)) and acetate ions (\(\text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^-\)).

2. **Neutralization with a Base:** When a base (e.g., \(\text{OH}^-\)) is added to the buffer, it reacts with the acetic acid, converting it to its conjugate base (\(\text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^-\)) and water. This process generally involves a complete reaction.

3. **Neutralization with an Acid:** Adding an acid leads to the conversion of the acetate ion back to
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Transcribed Image Text:In each of the net ionic equations below, select which type of arrow should be used. **Buffer equilibrium:** \[ \text{HC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2 \quad [\text{Select}] \quad \text{H}^+ + \text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^- \] **Neutralization of the buffer with a base:** \[ \text{HC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2 + \text{OH}^- \quad [\text{Select}] \quad \text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^- + \text{H}_2\text{O} \] **Neutralization of the buffer with an acid:** \[ \text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^- + \text{H}^+ \quad [\text{Select}] \quad \text{HC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2 \] **Explanation:** In the equations above, a buffer consisting of acetic acid (\(\text{HC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2\)) and its conjugate base (\(\text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^-\)) is being analyzed. The type of arrow indicates the nature of the chemical reaction: equilibrium, complete reaction, or non-reaction. 1. **Buffer Equilibrium:** This involves a reversible reaction where the weak acid (\(\text{HC}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2\)) partially dissociates into hydrogen ions (\(\text{H}^+\)) and acetate ions (\(\text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^-\)). 2. **Neutralization with a Base:** When a base (e.g., \(\text{OH}^-\)) is added to the buffer, it reacts with the acetic acid, converting it to its conjugate base (\(\text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^-\)) and water. This process generally involves a complete reaction. 3. **Neutralization with an Acid:** Adding an acid leads to the conversion of the acetate ion back to
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