Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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In this exercise, a reaction vessel is prepared with a mix of reactants and products under controlled conditions of 121.0 °C and constant pressure. The engineer measures the reaction enthalpy (ΔH) and reaction entropy (ΔS) for the first reaction, and the reaction enthalpy (ΔH) and reaction free energy (ΔG) for the second. The objective is to complete the table by calculating ΔG for the first reaction and ΔS for the second.

**Reaction 1:**
\[ \text{Sn(s) + 2CO}_2\text{(g) → SnO}_2\text{(s) + 2CO(g)} \]

- ΔH = -12. kJ
- ΔS = 32. J/K
- ΔG = [blank] kJ 

**Spontaneity:**
- This reaction
- The reverse reaction
- Neither

Calculate the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) for the first reaction.

**Reaction 2:**
\[ \text{CH}_4\text{(g) + 2O}_2\text{(g) → CO}_2\text{(g) + 2H}_2\text{O(g)} \]

- ΔH = -803. kJ
- ΔS = [blank] J/K
- ΔG = 0. kJ

**Spontaneity:**
- This reaction
- The reverse reaction
- Neither

Calculate the change in entropy (ΔS) for the second reaction.

**Analysis Method:**
- Use the Gibbs free energy equation: 
  \[
  ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
  \]
- Temperature (T) must be converted to Kelvin. 

The calculations will help determine which reactions are spontaneous, considering the system may be at equilibrium.
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Transcribed Image Text:In this exercise, a reaction vessel is prepared with a mix of reactants and products under controlled conditions of 121.0 °C and constant pressure. The engineer measures the reaction enthalpy (ΔH) and reaction entropy (ΔS) for the first reaction, and the reaction enthalpy (ΔH) and reaction free energy (ΔG) for the second. The objective is to complete the table by calculating ΔG for the first reaction and ΔS for the second. **Reaction 1:** \[ \text{Sn(s) + 2CO}_2\text{(g) → SnO}_2\text{(s) + 2CO(g)} \] - ΔH = -12. kJ - ΔS = 32. J/K - ΔG = [blank] kJ **Spontaneity:** - This reaction - The reverse reaction - Neither Calculate the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) for the first reaction. **Reaction 2:** \[ \text{CH}_4\text{(g) + 2O}_2\text{(g) → CO}_2\text{(g) + 2H}_2\text{O(g)} \] - ΔH = -803. kJ - ΔS = [blank] J/K - ΔG = 0. kJ **Spontaneity:** - This reaction - The reverse reaction - Neither Calculate the change in entropy (ΔS) for the second reaction. **Analysis Method:** - Use the Gibbs free energy equation: \[ ΔG = ΔH - TΔS \] - Temperature (T) must be converted to Kelvin. The calculations will help determine which reactions are spontaneous, considering the system may be at equilibrium.
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