Imagine that you caught a female albino mouse inyour kitchen and decided to keep it for a pet. A fewmonths later, while vacationing in Guam, you caughta male albino mouse and decided to take it home forsome interesting genetic experiments. You wonderwhether the two mice are both albino due to mutations in the same gene. What could you do to find outthe answer to this question? Assume that both mutations are recessive.

Q: Ehler-Danlos syndrome is a rare disorder caused by a mutation ina gene that encodes a protein called…

A: Sir Gregor Mendel was a priest and a teacher who did the famous hybridization experiment on garden…

Q: In humans, there is a gene called sickle-cell anemia, which produces severe anemia when homozygous…

A: Answer: Sickle Cell Anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder which can be transferred from the…

Q: . In 1932, H. J. Muller suggested a genetic test to determine whether a particular mutation whose…

A: The rugose gene plays a crucial role in the formation of the correct retinal pattern in the eye. It…

Q: While conducting field studies on a chain of islands, you decide tokaryotype two phenotypically…

A: When individuals of the same specie are geographically isolated, it may happen that the population…

Q: Why do Humans require pedigree analysis instead of breeding experiments to determine how a trait is…

A: Breeding experiments include controlled mating between the selected parents to obtain the progeny…

Q: Six months pregnant, an expectant mother had a routineultrasound that showed that the limbs of the…

A: Achondroplasia is an abnormality related to bone growth that includes obstruction in the formation…

Q: Genes that cause Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndromeare closely linked along chromosome 15.…

A: Chromosome 15 contains closely linked genes which are paternally or maternally imprinted. Its…

Q: You find two different notch-winged fruit flies in your normally smooth-winged collections. After…

A: Notched wing trait is recessive homozygous.  Suppose that it is denoted by nn Smooth winged…

Q: Most mutations in a diploid organism are recessive. Why?

A: To describe: Why most mutations in a diploid organism are recessive.

Q: Researchers have identified a gene in humans that (when mutated) causes tremors and unstable walking…

A: DNA is the genetic material in most living organisms. It is the information hub of the cell that…

Q: A particular disease is found in a group of South AmericanIndians. During the 1920s, many of these…

A: Any abnormal condition which affects the functions or structure of either the whole body or some…

Q: The total number of genes in human is far less than the previous estimate.Comment?

A: The human genome was the first sequenced vertebrate genome which has revealed a massive amount of…

Q: Researchers have identified a gene in humans that (when mutant)causes severe dwarfism and mental…

A: Firstly, let's assume that we have isolated the normal gene from a healthy human, say gene X…

Q: Based on what you know about the development of cancer, was the mutation in your allele(kwas) the…

A: A mutation is defined as a change in the sequence of DNA. It may occur due mistakes during the…

Q: Interested in exploring the genetic pathways that lead to neurological issues, you want to see if…

A: Genetic diseases or disorders can take place in case of present of a mutant gene. The mutation can…

Q: The human genome has been sequenced, but we stilldon’t have an accurate count of the number of…

A: Genome is defined as the complete genetic material that is present in an organism. It consists of…

Q: Six months pregnant, an expectant mother had a routineultrasound that showed that the limbs of the…

A: In genetics, achondroplasia is defined as the rare type of genetic disorder related to the growth of…

Q: A rare class of dominant gain-of-function _______ arisesfrom neomorphic mutations that generate a…

A: Genes are the hereditary unit of the DNA that when expressed display a certain phenotype. A…

Q: Yesterday, when Daniel was showering after a basketball game in the gym, one of his friends asked,…

A: Many of the people on the earth are nowadays affected by the dreadful disease cancer. The cancer is…

Q: How can you determine whether a phenotype such as reduced eyes in fruit flies is due to a recessive…

A: Phenocopy is the variation in the phenotype that is due to environmental conditions like the…

Q: A male carrier of a recessive somatic mutation marries a female without this mutation. What is the…

A: Recessive somatic mutation is the recessive mutation in the somatic cells of the body that does not…

Q: Fathers contribute more new point mutations to theirchildren than mothers. You may know from general…

A: Each cell possess 23 pairs of chromosomes with 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex…

Q: Starting with a population of genetically identical mice, you discover two new independent mutant…

A: The correct option is C i.e, the same gene, but not necessarily the same DNA base position.…

Q: Patients with Down syndrome have three copies of chromosome 21, resulting in characteristics like a…

A: Mutation will causes changes in the genetic composition of an organism. In case of aneuploidy the…

Q: What is the last name of the scientist who discovered that x-rays can increase the rate of mutation…

A: The fruit flies in this exhibit represent only a small percentage of the mutations found in real…

Q: Why we stilldon’t have an accurate count of the number of genes. ?

A: Genome is defined as the complete genetic material that is present in an organism. It consists of…

Q: As a hobby you propagate a population of worms. You notice that one worm is now clear instead of…

A: Deletions are mutations in which a section of DNA is lost, or deleted. Since protein-coding DNA is…

Q: Recessive maternal effect genes are identified in flies (for example)when a phenotypically normal…

A: Drosophila is usually used for genetic studies in the laboratory. The phenotype of the offspring can…

Q: As a genetic counselor, you may face some ethical dilemmas.Imagine that a couple came to your office…

A: Difference between sex chromosomes and autosomal chromosomes: Sex chromosomes of a person carry sex…

Q: Bloom syndrome is an autosomal recessive disease that exhibitshaploinsufficiency. A recent survey…

A: A disease is a state of unhealthiness of the physical body, mind and social interaction. A disease…

Q: Let’s suppose a recessive allele encodes a completely defective protein. If the functional allele is…

A: A pair of alleles is present in a gene and the allele that is able to produce its phenotype in the…

Q: The following list of four Drosophila mutations indicates the symbol for the mutation, the name of…

A: The dominant allele masks the expression of the recessive allele. So, the dominant allele is…

Q: Tay–Sachs disease is caused by loss-of-function mutations ina gene on chromosome 15 that encodes a…

A: Tay–Sachs disease can be defined as a hereditary condition that causes nerve cells present in the…

Q: In the early 1970s, Igor Dawid and Antonie Blacklerconducted classical experiments that first showed…

A: The phenotype of an organism is controlled by its genes that are inherited from both the parents.…

Q: Null mutations are valuable genetic resources becausethey allow a researcher to determine what…

A: Null mutation is a type of mutation in which a copy of gene becomes non-functional. This type of…

Q: YOu are a Ciinical geneticist and have just spoken to your patient (labeled as "P'), who has a rare…

A: Human contains only a small percentage of mitochondrial DNA and is inherited from mother to her…

Q: Explain, at the molecular level, why human genetic diseases oftenfollow a simple Mendelian pattern…

A: Genes are the set of nucleotides present in a chromosome that encodes for particular information…

Q: A scientist has obtained two true-breeding strains of mice, each homozygous for an independently…

A: There are many types of mutations occurring in mice that could result in the loss of hair from their…

Q: Among mammals, measurements of the rate of generation of autosomal recessive mutations have been…

A: Scientists analyze mutations in model organisms such as mice, to understand the molecular basis of…

Q: Albinism occurs when cells cannot chemically synthesize pigment molecules. This occurs because the…

A: Albinism is a category of genetic illnesses in which the pigment melanin, which affects the colour…

Q: Prader-Willi syndrome is caused by a mutation in anautosomal maternally imprinted gene. Label the…

A: Prader-Willi syndrome(PWS) is a genetic disorder usually caused by deletion of a part of chromosome…

Q: . If you were a genetic counselor and had a patient withMERRF who wanted to have a child, what kind…

A: MERRF stands for Myoclonic Epilepsy with Ragged Red Fibers. It is a genetic disorder caused by…

Q: Skin cancer requires a number of mutations, several of which are often caused by the sun in…

A: It is a form of skin cancer that develops in cells known as melanocyte, a cell that produces melanin…

Q: A researcher sequences the whole exome of a patientsuffering from Usher syndrome, a rare autosomal…

A: The researcher sequences the whole exome of a patient suffering from Usher syndrome, which is a rare…

Q: In the nematode C. elegans, some worms have blisteredcuticles due to a recessive mutation in one of…

A: Suppressor mutations are defined as the mutations that take place only if there is the presence of…

Q: Petunias normally have purple flowers. Suppose you identify a recessive mutant that has white…

A: Petunia have purple flower in wild type phenotype. Whereas the white flower are present due to…

Q: Define about Tay–Sachs Disease:The Molecular Basis of a Recessive Disorder in Humans ?

A: To produce disease, both genes in a pair must be faulty. Carriers are people who have only one…

Q: . The production of pigment in the outer layer of seedsof corn requires each of the three…

A: Let Pr be purple, pr be red and acr be yellow. Part A. The phenotype of parent  P1 = AA CC RR prpr…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.