Imagine that researchers are studying 2 populations of a hypothetical flowering plant, Darwinius beardii. Individual plants of population "A" grow to an average height of 25 cm, while those of population "B" average 40 cm. The flowers of population "A" are light purple and open in mid-April, while those of population "B" are dark purple with white spots and open in early May. These 2 populations are geographically separated by a large river, and geological and molecular genetic evidence suggests that they have been separated for at least 10 million years, during which time evolutionary divergence has occured. Yet, when individuals from each population are brought into the lab, they readily mate with individuals of the other population. Under which species concept(s) would the plants of the 2 populations be considered 2 different species? O A. Biological species concept O B. Phenetic species concept O C. Phylogenetic species concept O D. both the Phenetic and Phylogenetic species concepts

A Senecio lautus population growing on a headland has a prostate form, growing low to the ground, while a nearby population on coastal dunes grows in a more upright shape. To test whether this trait has diverged as a result of each population adapting to its local environment, we could 1. plant both populations in a common garden and test whether the populations still expressed the different growth forms 2. plant both populations in both the dune and headland habitat, and test whether the populations are fitter in their home environments 3. plant both populations in both the dune and headland habitat and test whether the populations still expressed the different growth forms.  choose one option

Two closely related Aster species occupy two different habitats. The first one (Aster 1) lives in a temperate forest understory that experiences few disturbances but intense competition for light. The second (Aster 2) lives in a prairie environment that experiences frequent disturbances such as fires, grazing, and droughts. Which species do you expect to have larger seeds? Which species do you expect to produce more seeds? O Aster 1 has larger and more seeds than Aster 2 O Aster 2 has larger and more seeds than Aster 1 Aster 1 has smaller and more seeds than Aster 2 Aster 2 has smaller and more seeds than Aster 1 O Aster 1 has smaller and fewer seeds than Aster 2 O Aster 2 has smaller and fewer seeds than Aster 1

Scientists studying reproduction compared three closely related species of bagworm moths. The reproductive methods for these species are given in the table. Which of the following research questions would provide additional information about the population level impacts of meiosis and sexual reproduction? A - How do the number of D. charlottae offspring compare with the number of S. rupicolella offspring? B - Do D. charlottae and S. rupicolella populations express greater genetic diversity than D. fennicella populations? C - Are the offspring of D. fennicella genetically unique compared to the offspring of D. charlottae and S. rupicolella? D - Does crossing-over in D. fennicella result in increased genetic variation compared to D. charlottae and S. rupicolella?

In the fly speciation experiment described in class, Drosophila from a single culture was split into four isolated cultures, 2 raised on maltose food and two on starch food.  After forty generations all possible crosses were done between maltose and starch flies and between the two starch populations.  Flies from different food types had very low mating frequencies compared to flies from the same food type but flies from different starch populations only mated at a very slightly lower rate than flies from the same starch population.  How would you interpret this finding? Group of answer choices A. allopatric speciation is more powerful than sympatric speciation B. flies are incapable of evolution C. drift causes divergence more rapidly than selection D. sympatric speciation is more powerful than allopatric speciation E. selection causes divergence more rapidly than drift

The Galapagos Islands are inhabited by organisms that are similar to the organisms on the mainland of South America but they have specific characteristics that set them apart. One of the most famous groups of organisms that has been studied has been the finches. There are at least 13 different species of ground finches found throughout the Galapagos, most likely all coming from a common ancestor that arrived from the mainland of South America in the distant past.   Which of the following explanation accurately explains the variation of finches on the Galapagos Islands? Question options:   Divergent evolution has occurred because the finches all share characteristics that are similar to the common ancestor but differ because each species occupies different niches that require different characteristics to survive.   Convergent evolution has occurred because the finches do not share characteristics that are similar to the common ancestor and differ because each species occupies…

It is a multiple choice question, but please give explanation.

Based on your analysis of the following graph and accompanying cladogram (species have been assigned letters A, B, C, D, E, and F), Which of the following statements is TRUE? A В с D F -20 -15 -10 10 15 Average winter temperature (°C) Phylogeny of species Fur thickness in all 6 of these closely related species is most likely a result of Phylogenetic Affinity, and does NOT suggest an adaptation to differences in Average Winter temperature Fur thickness in the subgroup of species "A", "B" and "C" are most likely a result of Phylogenetic Affinity, and does NOT suggest an adaptation to differences in Average Winter temperature Fur thickness in the subgroup of species "D", "E" and "F" are most likely a result of Phylogenetic Affinity, and does NOT suggest an adaptation to differences in Average Winter temperature Fur thickness in the subgroup of species "A", "B" and "C" are most likely a result of Physiological Convergence. Similarity in fur thickness between species "A" and "D", and…

On the right is a figure showing the reconstructed route of colonization of a rodent species found on the continent and four offshore islands, A, B, C, and D. Since the ocean currents around these islands are extremely strong, you suspect that these colonization events are rare, likely have happened only once. To estimate the overall genetic diversity of each population, you surveyed alleles frequencies of several neutral loci. Which of the following statements is correct?       The genetic diversity would be the highest on island D because all migrations ended up on the island.     If the level of genetic diversity is plotted against the distance from continent, we would expect to observe a steady increase of genetic diversity as the distance becoming farther away from the continent.     The genetic diversity on island A would be lower than that of the continent because there is selection on the island removing deleterious alleles.     This is an example of…

Can you please explain this question and how to tell read these trees?