If you did not use a saturating concentration of pNPP to establish your initial calibration curve, how would your estimate for the [enzyme] in an unknown sample change?
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If you did not use a saturating concentration of pNPP to establish your initial calibration curve, how would your estimate for the [enzyme] in an unknown sample change?
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- First, they ran samples of the enzyme on denaturing and non-denaturing gels; the results are shown in the figure to the right. In addition, they ran the protein through a calibrated gel filtration column, the results of which indicated that the PYC enzyme had a molecular weight of 540 kiloDaltons. In the figure, the rightmost column are where molecular weight standards of various sizes would occur if they’d been on the gels. How many subunits are in the PYC enzyme? Are the subunits the same, or are they different in some way? Are the subunits made up of distinct chains of primary structures, and, if so, how many? Are the chains the same, or are they different in some way?(A) Below is a partial purification table for a first attempt at a purification schedule for an enzyme: Technique Initial IMAC IEX Gel Filtration Protein (mg) 3467.8 196.7 153.6 142.1 Enzyme activity (units) 36489 32575 27891 26398 Overall yield (%) 100 Specific activity (units/mg) 29.46 Complete the table below by calculating the missing values. Overall Enrichment 1.00During the early stages of an enzyme purification protocol, when cells have been lysed but cytosolic components have not been separated, the reaction velocity-versus-substrate concentration is sigmoidal. As you continue to purify the enzyme, the curve shifts to the right. Explain your results. This is an allosteric enzyme and you must use a Lineweaver-Burk plot to determine KM and Vmax correctly. This is an enzyme that displays Michaelis-Menten kinetics and you purify away an inhibitor. This is an allosteric enzyme and during purification you purify away an activator. This is an allosteric enzyme displaying a double-displacement mechanism and during purification you purify away one of the substrates: This is an enzyme that displays Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and you must use a Lineweaver-Burk plot to determine KM and Vmax correctly.
- Assume that the experiments performed in the absence of inhibitors were conducted by adding 5 μL of a 2 mg/mL enzyme stock solution to an assay mixture with a total volume of 1 mL. Take into account that XYZase is a monomeric enzyme with a molecular mass of 45,000 Daltons. Hint: To calculate the ???? in units of per second (s−1), you must first determine the ???? in micromoles per second (μmol/sec). Please explain step by stepThe diffusivity of amino acids in polyacrylamide gel is approximately 1x10^-9 cm2./s calculate the initial flux of amino acids, give an instantaneous gradient of (20g/cm 3 )/8cm Why is polyacrylamide gel is used in electrophoresis?You perform a Bradford assay to determine the concentration of isolated α-lactalbumin. You use 50 μL of a two-fold diluted solution of α-lactalbumin in the assay. You generate a standard curve with the following equation for the line: y = 0.163x + 0.082. The absorbance of your sample was 0.674 AU. What is the concentration of α-lactalbumin, in mg/mL, in your sample? Give your answer to three significant figures.
- A Lineweaver-Burk plot generates a line with the following formula: y = 0.3x + 0.4. What is the Km of this enzyme?A purified protein sample was used in a reaction, resulting in an activity of 696.7 nmol min-1. The reaction volume was 145.0 µL and the final volume before loading the plate was 1,050 µL. The total reaction time was 4.25 min. The amount of protein used in the reaction was 4.270 µg. Calculate the specific activity of the sample (in nmol min-1 µg-1).A 0.5 M phosphate buffer at pH 6.5 and a 10 mM substrate stock solution are available for preparing enzyme assays. Each assay must have a total volume of 3 mL and a final phosphate concentration of 100 mM is desired. Using the substrate concentration of 3.33 mM and 100 µL of the enzyme solution, calculate the volume of buffer, volume of substrate stock solution, and volume of water that should be place in a cuvette for the assay.
- Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) is a coenzyme for the enzyme ornithine aminotransferase. The enzyme was purified from cells grow in PLP = deficient media as well as from cells grown in media that contained pyridoxal phosphate. The stability of the two different enzyme preparations was then measured by incubating the enzyme at 37°C for different lengths of time and then assaying for the amount of enzyme activity remaining. The following results were obtained. (a) Why does the amount of active enzyme decrease with the time of incubation? (b) Why does the amount of enzyme from the PLP deficient cells decline more rapidly?Enzyme X has a molecular weight of 48,000. It converts substrate Z into product Y. Z absorbs at 340 nm, and Y absorbs at 480 nm. A.) At what wavelength would you measure the change in absorbance to assay for enzyme X? Would the absorbance increase or decrease over time? B.)If Vmax = 60 μmol/min and you used 400 μL of a 0.1 mg/mL solution of enzyme, what is the turnover number?The Lineweaver-Burke plot was originally developed in order to "linearize" the data obtained from enzyme kinetics experiments, in order to facilitate the determination of kinetic parameters. Why is it not considered to be an accurate method for this purpose? It is very difficult to draw a straight line on a computer. It is very difficult to calculate the variables required for the "x" and "y" axis. It is more accurate to use the standard "V versus [S]" plot to determine Vmax and KM- The plot weights the least accurate data points the most heavily. It is no longer considered to be acceptable to extrapolate from known data.