If Italy is said to have an absolute advantage over the United States in the production of wheat, this means that, given the same resources, the United States must have a comparative advantage over Italy in the production of wheat. Italy must have an absolute advantage over the United States in producing all goods. the United States must have an absolute advantage in producing some good other than wheat. Italy can produce more wheat than the United States. Italy has an absolute advantage in all goods that are complements to wheat.

Brazil can produce 100 pounds of beef or 10 autos. In contrast the United States can produce 40 pounds of beef or 30 autos. Which country has the absolute advantage in beef? Which country has the absolute advantage in producing autos? What is the opportunity cost of producing one pound of beef In Brazil? What is the opportunity cost of producing one pound of beef in the United States?

In Japan, one worker can make 5 tons of rubber or 80 radios. In Malaysia, one worker can make 10 tons of rubber or 40 radios. Who has the absolute advantage in the production of rubber or radios? How can you tell? Calculate the opportunity cost of producing 80 additional radios in Japan and in Malaysia. (Your calculation may involve fractions, which is fine,) Which country has a comparative advantage in the production of radios? Calculate the opportunity cost of producing 10 additional tons of rubber in Japan and in Malaysia. Which country has a comparative advantage in producing rubber? In this example, does each country have an absolute advantage and a comparative advantage in the same good? In what product should Japan specialize? In what product should Malaysia specialize?

Y 100 Country A X Y 40 Country B 40 X 20 a) How much of Good Y will Country B produce if they specialize in their comparative advantage? 40 b) By themselves, if Country B produces 18 units of Y, what is the maximum amount they could produce of Good X? 18 c) If the terms of trade proposed are 5 X for 10Y, how much will Country B be able to consume of Good Y after trade if they specialize in their comparative advantage before trading? 40