If an ion has the same concentration on both sides of the membrane, then Eion will be: O Positive O Negative O Zero O Impossible to determine

Q: After completing the GVL OER module - Energy Use and Sources and other related resources, discuss…

A: Sustainable energy refers to energy sources and technologies that are able to meet the current…

Q: How can you obtain PURE CULTURES in microbiology?

A: Studying the biology of minute creatures is known as microbiology. The techniques utilized to…

Q: Which of the following statement about translation is accurate? a) After the DNA unwinds, both DNA…

A: Nevertheless, transcription is required before translation can take place during which RNA…

Q: All of the following are necessary for a specific immune response except: O a. red blood cells O b.…

A: Immune response is the manner in which the body protects itself against substances it considers…

Q: Give bioethical principles that was violated or upheld in conducting the drug trial elephant men…

A: Introduction : Clinical trials are research projects carried out to assess the efficacy and safety…

Q: You are studying an archaeal organism. You are surprised to find that, actually it costs it two ATP…

A: The energy production in the form of ATP by the breakdown of complex carbohydrate such as glucose,…

Q: a) What is the most likely diagnosis and also the underlying cause of the disorder? Explain your…

A: We are given a case in which patient is receiving medication for high blood pressure. The blood…

Q: Various chemical methods can be used to permeabilize or lyse cells including the use of enzymes.…

A: Cell lysis is a method in which the outer boundary is broken or disrupted in order to release inter…

Q: The amino acids in a normal polypeptide chain are proline, arginine, aspartic acid, lysine, and…

A: The DNA sequence of a gene is altered to generate a different result, which is known as a genetic…

Q: If Bird J and Bird G compete for food, then over time their ranges must change for both species to…

A: When two or more species try to utilize same resource, then a competitive interaction can be seen…

Q: How does the process of transcription differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A: Transcription is the process by which DNA is copied into RNA. While the overall process of…

Q: Identify which are the bioethical principles that aas violated or upheld in the article below then…

A: The article discusses the 1960s medical case of "The Elephant Man," in which a man named Joseph…

Q: What mutation could cause the following error in the second mRNA sequence? Normal: AUAUUCGGCAAUCCG…

A: The mutation is the process that brings changes in the DNA sequence spontaneously and as a result,…

Q: r The sequence change shown below is the result of what kind of mutation? Coding DNA sequence before…

A: Mutation: Mutation refers to a process that results in a permanent change in the DNA sequence of an…

Q: EcoRI recognizes G A-A-T-T-C sequence and cleave/ cut between G and A. How will the DNA fragments…

A: Introduction: Finding the A, C, G, and T bases in a DNA molecule's nucleotide sequence is known as…

Q: Entangles fish, marine mammals, and sea birds, preventing them from feeding or causing them to…

A: Environmental problems are having a significant impact on the world's oceans and marine life. The…

Q: In fruit flies the allele for long wings (L) is dominant and the allele for short wings (l) is…

A: Dominant: A dominant trait is one that is expressed or visible when an individual inherits one copy…

Q: Match the type of pathogen with the correct description. Prions Virus Protozoans Bacteria and…

A: Pathogens are varied in terms of taxonomy. Pathogens include bacteria and both single- and…

Q: During the immunohistochemistry (IHC) practical you incubated a section of a chick knee joint with…

A: Introduction  Enzymes are biological catalysts, which means they are specialized proteins that speed…

Q: explain in details how bacteria is used in or make  food and behaveges , list the types of bacteria…

A: Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotic microbes. These play a very important roll in the preparation…

Q: What are the reasons why there needs to be more than 10 cycles in the PCR process? Name 2 reasons.

A: PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a technique used to amplify DNA sequences in vitro. The process…

Q: Is there a way for people to improve their health by using the internet? Please explain the key…

A: Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of…

Q: Which of the following is mismatched? Bordetella pertussis - copious mucus accumulation, prolonged…

A: Whooping cough is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, and its signs include excessive…

Q: blood pressure report

A: Blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the rest of the body have hypertension, which…

Q: what happens visually when a tumor damages the midline fibers that cross at the optic chiasm

A: The structures that transmit visual information from the retina to the brain make up the visual…

Q: Animals are eukaryotic with no cell wall and ingest their food. True False

A: Introduction  A cell is the basic unit of life and is the smallest unit of living matter that can…

Q: A lilP mutant called lilPXS is isolated that produces a truncated polypeptide of only 6 AA in…

A: Introduction : The translated form of the DNA sequence is the amino acid sequence. DNA sequences are…

Q: Why do the ring sizes change until equivalence is reached in radial immunodiffusion?

A: Introduction  Immunodiffusion is a technique used to detect and quantify the presence of specific…

Q: Draw an anatomical diagram of a pituitary gland that compresses the optic chiasma, destroying the…

A: The visual pathway is the structures in the human body that are involved in the perception of visual…

Q: Large international variations in rates of communicable diseases, undernutrition, and maternal and…

A: Introduction :  Pathogens are microscopic organisms that cause diseases in humans and kther…

Q: The table below shows the progeny of a test cross of a heterozygote (MmRrDd). Each row shows the…

A: Test Cross: A test cross is a breeding experiment that is used to determine the genotype of an…

Q: A patient had shown rapid onset of hypertension and hyperglycaemia. In addition, they were showing…

A: Introduction :- Dexamethasone is a synthetic corticosteroid medication that is used to treat a wide…

Q: Which step(s) of cellular respiration would be directly inhibited by a lack of O2?  How would this…

A: Light energy is converted into chemical energy, that is stored in the bonds of complex organic…

Q: 11. Lymphoid cells isolation procedure from peripheral blood, primary and secondary lymphoid organs.…

A: Lymphoid cells are a type of white blood cell that play a key role in the body's immune system. They…

Q: What experiment (genetic cross) could we do to figure out the genotype of each pea?

A: To determine a plant's genotype, a crossing experiment is performed to observe the inheritance of…

Q: 12. Synthetic immunology at the cellular level - adoptive immunotherapy: design of chimeric antigen…

A: The immune response not only protects against infectious illnesses, but it also helps the body…

Q: Describe the steps of protein manufacture as seen in the endomembrane system. Include in your…

A: Within a eukaryotic cell, proteins are produced and altered and transported by the endomembrane…

Q: 2. In the space below, make a sketch of a longitudinal crossection of the flowers with all parts…

A: Introduction:- Flowers are the reproductive part of a plant. Flower's are made up of different…

Q: Figure 5. This figure shows the number of individuals of three tree species (Blue Pine, Black Oak,…

A: An ecosystem's carrying capacity is the maximum number of creatures it can maintain. Several…

Q: Decide whether each of the following molecules will pass through a lipid bilayer. If the molecule…

A: Passing through the liquid bilayer depends on the chemical properties and size of the molecules. The…

Q: Keeping a dietary journal can have both positive and negative effects. Explain two of each.

A: Introduction :- A diet refers to the specific foods and drinks that a person consumes regularly to…

Q: 8. Protein engineering approaches. Cytokine targeting and delivery. mRNA-based cytokine…

A: Introduction  Proteins are complex molecules that are made up of long chains of amino acids. They…

Q: Match the letters to their correct name A B C D E F A Spinal Cord C PNS O O O O D O O O O O O…

A: The brain and spinal cord and cranial nerves and spinal nerves make up the nervous system. *It is…

Q: In the replica plate experiment, it shows that mutations are random. However, certain environmental…

A: Introduction :- Mutations are changes that occur in the DNA sequence of an organism. They can happen…

Q: What are the major structural differences between a mold rhizoid (mycelium) and the “mushroom”…

A: Answer:  Mycelium, another name for a mould rhizoid, is a fungus' vegetative portion. It is made up…

Q: The naming method for hamstring group, gastrocnemius, rectus capitis posterior minor, and rectus…

A: Muscles are the body's specialised tissues that control movement and force generation. They are made…

Q: The mRNA sequence that would correspond to the DNA sequence 5' ATTCGATCT 3' is 3' UAAGCUAGA 5. True…

A: To get the mRNA sequence that corresponds to the given DNA sequence, we must first perform…

Q: create a venn diagram that lists (use point form) the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic…

A: The venn diagram includes differences between two variables and also contain similarities between…

Q: Numeration After spread and pour plating, incubate plates inverted at 35 °C for 24-48 h, and…

A: To calculate the CFU/ml, we divide number of colonies by the final dilution. We are given two…

Q: TRUE OR FALSE: Gene frequency is the percentage of a population that carries a particular allele…

A: Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ( HWE) states that genes as well as genotype frequency remain constant…

Nucleotides

It is an organic molecule made up of three basic components- a nitrogenous base, phosphate,and pentose sugar. The nucleotides are important for metabolic reactions andthe formation of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). 

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are essential biomolecules present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and viruses. They carry the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins and cellular replication. The nucleic acids are of two types: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The structure of all proteins and ultimately every biomolecule and cellular component is a product of information encoded in the sequence of nucleic acids. Parts of a DNA molecule containing the information needed to synthesize a protein or an RNA are genes. Nucleic acids can store and transmit genetic information from one generation to the next, fundamental to any life form.