If a cell were to express both alpha-1 and beta adrenergic receptors what would the expected response to epinephrine/ adrenaline be ?  a. Only cAMP would be released b. Both ca2+ and cAMP would be released c. The receptors would cancel each other and nothing would happen d. Only ca2+ would be released would be released.

Q: When blood glucose levels increase, the secretion of which of thesehormones increases?a. glucagon c.…

A: The endocrine framework is a chemical messenger framework including feedback circles of the hormones…

Q: Which of the following is true about lipophilic hormones? a. They are freely soluble in the blood.…

A: Lipophilic hormones are not freely soluble in blood. Therefore they must bind with transport…

Q: The adrenal medulla, as part of the ANS, is unique in that it A. serves as a control center for the…

A: We know that The endocrine system, along with the nervous system, functions in the regulation of…

Q: The adrenal medulla is derived from what type of tissue? . A. Nervous tissue . B.Connective tissue…

A: The adrenal gland is divided into two regions: adrenal cortex and medulla. The adrenal cortex is the…

Q: Which of the following is a prohormone and can be converted to an active hormone as needed? A.…

A: A prohormone can be defined as the committed precursor of a hormone made up of peptide hormones…

Q: What happens to patients on Prozac, which blocks the serotonin transporter? A. Degradation of…

A: Fluoxetine, sold under the brand name of Prozac, which is an antidepressant of the selective…

Q: Which of the following statements about steroid and non-steroid hormones is false?a. Non-steroid…

A: The substance that acts as the chemical messenger between two or more organs, is named hormone. It…

Q: Which organ or organs are the adrenal glands in closest proximity to? A. Brain  B. Kidneys  C.…

A: The adrenal glands and  suprarenal gland  are pairs glands is about 4 to 6 CM in length and 3 to 4…

Q: which of the following would diffuse across the membrane of its target cell? a. epinephrine b.…

A: The plasma membrane of a cell is composed of the lipid bilayer. The interior of the plasma membrane…

Q: How do the functions of the HPA axis compare to those of the sympathetic nervous system? A. The…

A: We know that The HPA axis stands for the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. This neuroendocrine…

Q: Which is TRUE about the autonomic nervous system? a. sympathetic activity causes vasodilation b.…

A: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that…

Q: A fight-or-flight response in the body is controlled by thea. sympathetic division of the nervous…

A: The nervous system is highly complex among different organ systems in animals. By transmitting…

Q: What is the main difference between organizing effects and activating effects of hormones?A.…

A: The neural system provides point-to-point rapid coordination among organs. The neural coordination…

Q: Second messengers are activated in response to a. steroid hormones. b. thyroxine. c.…

A: The second messengers are certain kinds of molecules which received signals at receptors on the…

Q: Which hormone utilizes a "hormone response element" as part of its signaling mechanism?   A.…

A: The signaling pathway involves the chain of events that passes when the ligand binds to the…

Q: Given these events:(1) activation of cAMP(2) activation of genes(3) alteration of enzyme…

A: c. 2,3

Q: Why is the speed of nerve transmission faster along axons than across synapses? a. The movement of…

A: The transmission of a nerve impulse  from one end to the other end of a neuron. This occurs due to…

Q: Which of the following statements about polypeptide hormones is false?a. They bind to receptors…

A: Hormones A hormone is a class of signaling molecules produced by glands in multicellular organisms…

Q: Which of the following hormones' secretion is not controlled by the hypothalamus? Select one: O A.…

A: Hormones are secretion that are transported via blood . They are secreted by glands .It is of two…

Q: A hormone differs from a neurotransmitter in thata. hormones act extracellularly, whereas…

A: A neurotransmitter is a chemical that is released by a nerve cell that affects adjacent nerve cells.…

Q: Which statement about nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) is true? a. Each nAChR is composed…

A: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are a type of ion channel receptor found in the nervous…

Q: Opioid analgesics

A: Opioid drugs, primarily used for the management of pain are extracted from the seeds of poppy plant.…

Q: When blood pressure drops the adrenal cortex releases a hormone in response. a. what is the…

A: Adrenal glands or the suprarenal glands are present on the top of each kidney and are triangular in…

Q: An increase in epinephrine results in: a.   An increase activity of insulin.   b.   An…

A: In emergency or stress condition (Like injury, pain, fear, accident, etc.), impulses from…

Q: Which of these physiological changes would not beconsidered part of the sympathetic fight-or-flight…

A: The motor division of the peripheral nervous system is divided into autonomic nervous system (ANS)…

Q: Which of the following statements about dopamine is INCORRECT?      a. Its generation is catalyzed…

A: The chemical informers of the living body that helps in sharing information between cell to cell or…

Q: How do the functions of the HPA axis compare to those of the sympathetic nervous system?A. The…

A: The HPA axis stands for the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. This neuroendocrine unit is…

Q: Name the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the breakdown of acetylcholine into acetate and choline.…

A: The enzymes are the chemical compounds, which enhance the rate of reaction by assisting the…

Q: An outgrowth of nervous tissue from the hypothalamus forms which endocrine structure?  A. Anterior…

A: The hypothalamus is a part of the brain located at the base of the brain. It controls many important…

Q: This gland is the link between the nervous and endocrine systems.

A: Hypothalamus is the ductless gland and portion of the brain that is involved in maintaining body…

Q: Let's consider the pups of that new rat mom. If her behavior is changed as a result of an oxytocin…

A: Hormones are the chemical messengers that are secreted from the endocrine glands directly into the…

Q: Cortisol's permissive effects on epinephrine and norepinephrine.... a. are primarily acting to…

A: Cortisol is a steroid hormone that affects a variety of bodily functions, including metabolism and…

Q: Why does epinephrine bind its receptor in a different location than cortisol binds its receptor?…

A: Adrenocortical and adrenomedullary hormones. The adrenal medulla produce hormones called…

Q: Suppose you are lost in concentration while studying biology. Suddenly, the phone rings and it…

A: Introduction The adrenal glands are the endocrine gland. It is situated above the kidney. There are…

Q: Given these events:(1) The α subunit of a G protein interacts with Ca2+channels.(2) Calcium ions…

A: Many signaling pathways work within the cell to carry out the biological process. The signaling…

Q: What effect would caffeine have on the production of cortisol in the adrenal gland ? a. Can’t tell…

A: Caffeine is primary constituent of coffee seed, it shows psychoactive activities.  part of a group…

Q: Hormone X appears to regulate the blood concentration of chemical Y via a negative feedback loop. a.…

A: When there is a decrease in any activity in the response of a stimulus then it is known as a…

Q: Which of the following hormones are NOT released in response to releasing hormones secreted by the…

A: Hormones are the regulatory substance secreted by the body which are transported through blood…

Q: Which of the following correctly describes the functions of the endocrine system? a. Transport of…

A: The endocrine system is responsible for producing hormones that influence the working of the cells.…

Q: Not a side effect of Ephidrine a. Seizures. b. Stroke. c. Increase in psychiactric symptoms. d.…

A: Ephedrine is a CNS stimulant that's frequently used to guard against low blood pressure during…

Emotions

Emotions are biologically based psychological conditions caused by neurophysiological changes which are linked to different factors such as thoughts, emotions, behavioral responses, and pleasure or displeasure. These emotions are not similar to moods. The mood is an affective state. Mood depends upon several factors, such as weather, the environment, physiology, etc. Emotions can be beneficial or detrimental depending on the situation. Emotional reactions are simple. Emotional well-being is strongly affected by our well-being, and such feelings are private.