Identify the types of axons that compose the gray and whiterami communicantes, describe their anatomic arrangement andlocation, and discuss the reason for the differences in their color.

Q: Describe the structure of the Afferent neuron?

A: Afferent nerve fibers are the axonal projections at a particular brain region as opposed to efferent…

Q: Explain the process of Depolarisation of the membrane of a nerve fibre.

A: The action potential is the nerve signals that are produced by the neurons. These signals are…

Q: Compare and contrast the general composition, function, and distribution of gray and white matter…

A: Gray matter is composed primarily of neuronal cell bodies also known as soma which is a spherical…

Q: Describe the function of the following types of neurons a. Sensory neurons (also known as…

A: Neurons are the electrically excitable cells that make up the nervous system and the brain. They…

Q: Describe the parasympathetic pathway to the eye and to the heart, identifying the neuronsinvolved.

A: Autonomic nervous system (ANS) is responsible for regulating the internal organs and glands,…

Q: Describe how sensory, motor, and mixed nerves differ.

A: There are two divisions of the nervous system. The central nervous system includes the brain and the…

Q: Describe preganglionic and postganglionic neurons of the autonomic nervous system.

A: There are two divisions of the nervous system. The central nervous system includes the brain and the…

Q: Describe the location and functions of the reticular formation.

A: In the human body, the brain is a complex organ present. The brain is the control center of the…

Q: State the functions of association neurons.

A: The neurons are regarded as the structural and functional units of the nervous system. They are…

Q: Describe the structure and location of peripheral nerves.

A: The network of 43 pairs of motor and sensory nerves is referred to as the peripheral nervous system.…

Q: shortly describe two of the subdivisions in the Peripheral nervous system and their role in…

A: The nervous system is the organ system of the body that carries the information in form of signals…

Q: Describe the locations of sympathetic trunk ganglia, prevertebral ganglia, and terminal ganglia.…

A: The “Somatic Nervous System” controls the voluntary function of the sensory organs and skeletal…

Q: Explain the process of regeneration in nerve fibers of the PNS, the role of Schwann cells and under…

A: Neuroregeneration is characterized by the regrowth or repair of nervous tissue and cells.…

Q: Describe how sleep and wakefulness are related to the reticular activating system (RAS).

A: The reticular activating system(RAS) is considered a network of neurons in the brain stem that…

Q: Explain about the peripheral nervous system (PNS) ?

A: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is the division of the nervous sytem containing all the nerves…

Q: Explain what dual innervation means with regard to the autonomic nervous system.

A: The autonomic nervous system controls the muscles of internal organs (such as the heart, blood…

Q: Define plexus, and locate the major plexuses of thespinal nerves.

A: The nervous system of humans is divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous…

Q: Identify the principal glial cell types, and briefly discuss the function of each type.

A: Glia, also known as glial cells , neuroglia,  non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system  that…

Q: Describe the structural components of the peripheral nervous system.

A: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is the division of the nervous system containing all the nerves…

Q: What is the significance of some ganglionic axons crossing to the opposite side of the brain?

A: The brain is the main part of the body that controls every action in our body. It is located in the…

Q: Explain the process Polarisation of the membrane of a nerve fibre.

A: Nerve fibre or axon is a part of a neuron. A neuron is the basic structural and functional component…

Q: Describe the organization and structure of a nerve

A: A nerve is the primary structural unit of the peripheral nervous system. There are several types of…

Q: Explain the structure of medullated nerve fibre.

A: Nerve fiber is a long cylindrical projection of the nerve cell which conducts electrical impulses…

Q: Describe the structural and functional differences betweenthe white and gray rami communicantes. Do…

A: Neurons are the unit of the nervous system which are made up of dendrites, cell body and long…

Q: Describe saltatory nerve conduction

A: The neurons are the basic fundamental units of the nervous system and also known as nerve cells.…

Q: Define the autonomic nervous system (ANS), and explain its relationship to the peripheral nervous…

A: The autonomous nervous system is a system that acts largely unconsciously and regulates bodily…

Q: Explain the structure of schwann cells.

A: Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system that transmits the information. A neuron is the…

Q: Describe the role and location of visceral sensory neurons relative to autonomic neurons

A: Visceral efferent neurons are motor neurons that direct impulses to smooth muscle, heart muscle, and…

Q: What types of axons (preganglionic or postganglionic,myelinated or unmyelinated) are found in the…

A: Rami communicantes refer to the nerves that connect two other nerves. They are usually called…

Q: Compare the following:(a) Central neural system (CNS) and Peripheral neural system (PNS)(b) Resting…

A: The structural and functional units of the neural system are neurons that transmit nerve impulses.…

Q: Describe the basic distribution of gray and white matter

A: Axons of the neurones consists of Grey matter which sends the information and   dendrites and Soma…

Q: Name the process through which injured axons are repaired, and describe the process.

A: Axons are the extensions of neurons that arise from the soma.

Q: Name the neuralgia in PNS and mention to their functions.

A: The nervous system is the network of neurons and nerve fibers that functions to transmit nerve…

Q: Name the protective structures of the central nervous system, and briefly describe each one.

A: Introduction: The CNS is safeguarded by a multitude of structures due to its significance. First,…

Q: Explain the anatomy and function of the reticular activating system (RAS).

A: The brain is the most complex organ of the body that forms the part of the central nervous…

Q: Neuronal pathway in Alzheimer’s disease and how it works . Draw a diagram .

A: In Alzheimer's disease, memory abilities are lost not because the brain can no longer store…

Q: Outline the organization of the peripheral nervous system. Contrast and compare the components of…

A: The PNS or peripheral nervous system is the division of the nervous system which contains all the…

Q: State the function and location of  Thalamus.

A: Thalamus is an essential part. This plays important functions in the human body. Thalami (singular:…

Q: what letter represents dorsal white column b) what letter represents structure that carrys motor…

A: In the given transverse section of the spinal cord  A :  dorsal root ganglion  B : dorsal root…

Q: Match somatic and autonomic nervous divisions with their desscriptions. can be boluntary…

A: The nervous system is a complex system of nerves and specialized cells known as neurons. The nervous…

Q: Describe the organization of the neurons in the gray matter of the spinal cord.

A: In spinal cord grey matter is burried deep inside the core and white matter is present on its…

Sleep Physiology

Sleep is a condition of reduced muscle movement in the body. Awareness about the surroundings is reduced at the time of sleep. The body stays mildly responsive or non-responsive to external stimuli. The sleep-wake cycle is controlled by the circadian rhythm that produces a resting phase for the body.