Identify mycorrhizal structure that penetrates into plant roots and reasons behind this. Also, explain the roles of mycorrhizae in plant defense against plant disease.

Biologists have discovered that many mycorrhizal fungi are sensitive to a low pH. What human-caused environmental problem may prove catastrophic for these fungi? How may this problem affect their plant partners? What measures could we take to decrease the problem?

Which of the following best describes evidence of a hypersensitive response? Select one: a. The bending of the coleoptile towards light. b. The growth of roots down and shoots up. c. When cells around an infection site die, depriving the pathogen of nutrients and preventing it from spreading. d. When plants elongate in response to being shaded. e. When stomata close despite plenty of CO 2 and water.

The C4 pathway utilizes less ATP than C3 pathway thus enabling C4 plants to adapt to tropical temperatures.    Group of answer choices: True False

How can insects make plants more susceptible to pathogens?

Describe various factors that affect plant growth (e.g. growth regulators,sunlight, nutrients, water, tropism), and explain by giving example, why someplants can live in the forest although they might not be exposed to the sun ‘nosunlight can reach them’.

If it were possible to increase nitrogen transport from rhizobia in root nodules to any part of soybean plants, what implications would this have for agriculture and food?

Compare and contrast root nodules with mycorrhizae.