Identify each immune response as either humoral (H) or cellular (C). A. release of histamine causes itching & sneezing B. cytotoxic T lymphocytes kill infected cells C. plasma B cells are cloned D. antibodies mark pathogen’s antigens E. cytokines signal B & T cell production F. macrophage presents antigen to the matching receptor on helper T cell
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Identify each immune response as either humoral (H) or cellular (C).
| A. |
release of histamine causes itching & sneezing
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| B. |
cytotoxic T lymphocytes kill infected cells
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| C. |
plasma B cells are cloned
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| D. |
antibodies mark pathogen’s antigens
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|
| E. |
cytokines signal B & T cell production
|
|
| F. |
macrophage presents antigen to the matching receptor on helper T cell
|
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- CHAPTER 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity Matching SECTION 3 Revie w Match each lettered term with the most closely related description. a. opsonization 1 b. helper T cells Two parallel pairs of polypeptide chains Found on helper T cells C. antibody d. class II MHC 3 Active and passive 4 Transfer of antibodies e. costimulation Attacked by HIV f. IgM 6 Enhances phagocytosis g. class I MHC h. IgG 7 MHC proteins present in the plasma membranes of all nucleated cells i. passive immunity j. anaphylaxis 8 Differentiate into memory and plasma cells 9 MHC proteins present in the plasma membranes of all APCS and lymphocytes 9 k. CD4 markers 10 I. acquired immunity 10 Antibodies used to determine blood type 11 m. B lymphocytes 11 Secondary binding process required for T cell activation 12 12 Accounts for 80 percent of all immunoglobulins 13 13 Circulating allergen stimulates mast cells throughout body Match each lettered term with theA number of minor cancerous cells and infected viruses, such as Epstein Barr (EBV), are able to go undetected by cytotoxic T cell degradation by what possible mechanism? a. the production of normal class I MHC molecule b. helper T cell activation c. the deactivation of the complement system d. tumor antigen expression e. the production of the class II major histocompatability (MHC) moleduleWhich of the following pairs is mismatched? a. plasma cell: mediation of phagocytosis and killing of microorganisms in the plasma b. megakaryocyte: formation of platelets c. dendritic cell: activation of adaptive immune responses d. natural killer cell: develops from a common lymphoid progenitor e. neutrophil: formation of pus f. regulatory T cell: inhibition of T-cell activity.
- The immune system includes the various responses the body uses to ensure survival in the presence of disease-causing agents. Identify the example of innate immunity. A. Infected host cells are killed by toxic proteins from cytotoxic T cells. B. Toll-like receptors bind to foreign molecule fragments to initiate immune response. C. CD4 accessory proteins on the helper T cell surface bind to class II MHC molecules. D. IgE antibodies recognize and attach to pollen grains, stimulating an allergic reaction.Which of the following pairs is mismatched? a. T-cell activation: cell division and differentiation b. effector B cell: plasma cell c. plasma cell: antibody secretion d. helper T cell: kills pathogen-infected cells e. helper T cell: facilitates the differentiation of B cells.Match each lettered term with the most closely related description. a. cytotoxic T cells Stimulated by the release of cytokines from macrophages, helper T cells, and interferons, b. viruses The race is on: с. В сеlls 15 14 d. antibodies try to replicate before the immune system can mount a response. Two have already taken over cells in the body. quickly recognize the viruses as a foreign threat. They begin destroying viruses by engulfing them. e. helper T cells join the attack on virus- infected cells. They also fight cancer cells. f. macrophages g. natural killer (NK) cells h. regulatory T cells eieg ucl bris ah lo oolom i. memory T cells and B cells neo alled 18 alloo omeslo ofni ola 19 17 are Y-shaped proteins designed specifically to recognize a particular viral mature into plasma cells, which in turn produce Y-shaped proteins. ebie hel ert beer honelni vood avtne er (the battle managers of the immune system) emit sig- nals to other lymphocytes to join the attack. oeonetelagn or…
- Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. T cells are differentiated into two groups based on their glycoproteins CD4 or CD8. Which of the following is true of CD4 T cells? a. They become cytotoxic T cells. b. The become antigen presenting cells. c. They become T helper cells. d. They become plasma cells.Which of the following explains why dendritic cells, but not macrophages or B cells, contribute to the activation of naive T cells? a. Macrophages and B cells do not express MHC class II molecules until they are activated. b. Dendritic cells upregulate B7 after engaging innate immunity receptors at sites of infection. c. Dendritic cells express higher levels of CTLA4. d. Macrophages and B cells do not process antigen. e. Dendritic cells use Toll-like receptors to hold antigen in place for extended periods of time.Which of the following cell types is unable to interact with naive T cells and induce their activation? (Select all that apply.) a. B cells b. macrophages resident in infected tissues c. macrophages resident in secondary lymphoid tissue d. interdigitating reticular cells e. immature dendritic cells.
- Which of the following participates in an immediate rather than an induced innate immune response to infection in a human host? (Select all that apply.) a. scavenger receptors b. commensal microorganisms c. dectin-1 d. alternative pathway of complement activation e. MyD88 f. CXCL8 g. defensins h. NOD1 and NOD2 i. lectin pathway of complement activation.Which of the following statements regarding T cells activated by specific antigen is incorrect? a. They receive co-stimulatory signals through CD28. b. They suppress expression of sphingosine 1-phosphate (SIP). c. They take several days before differentiating into effector T cells. d. They cease to secrete and respond to interleukin-2 (IL-2). e. They begin to express CTLA4, which serves to limit T-cell proliferation.Unlike naive T lymphocytes, Select one: a. memory T lymphocytes obtain energy from glycolysis. b. memory T lymphocyte populations may include TH1 or TH2 T cells. c. effector T cells do not undergo mitosis when stimulated by antigen. d. effector T cells do not express mTORc1. e. effector T cells undergo high rates of autophagy.