How were the enthalpies found on the graph? H(f) = 10 btu/lbm (5% H2SO4 at 60 degrees F) H(l) = -17 btu/lbm (40% H2SO4 at 180 degrees F)
How were the enthalpies found on the graph? H(f) = 10 btu/lbm (5% H2SO4 at 60 degrees F) H(l) = -17 btu/lbm (40% H2SO4 at 180 degrees F)
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8th Edition
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1.1P
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How were the enthalpies found on the graph? H(f) = 10 btu/lbm (5% H2SO4 at 60 degrees F)
H(l) = -17 btu/lbm (40% H2SO4 at 180 degrees F)
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From Figure 8.5-1:
Energy Balance:
Q Search
This applies,
(to example8.5=3
Fusion
farmase
469 of 695
Ⓡ
Ciliquid phase-
The enthalpy of water vapor at 180°F and 1 atm relative to liquid water at 32°F may be obtained from the
steam tables in Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook (see Footnote 5) as
vivapur phase
=
HF 10 Btu/lbm
H=-17 Btu/lbm
m₁(lbm)
XA1 (lbm A/lbm)
A₁(Btu/lbm)
m₂(lbm)
XA2(lbm A/lbm)
Ĥ₂(Btu/lb)
OD
Hv 1138 Btu/lbm
Q = AH = m₂ Ay+ m₂A₁-(1000 lbm/h)ĤF
= [(875)(1138) + (125)(-17) - (1000)(10)] Btu/h
984,000 Btu/h/
■
Compare the ease of this computation with that of Example 8.5-1. Having the enthalpy-concentration
chart eliminates the need for all of the hypothetical heating, cooling, and isothermal mixing steps that would
normally be required to evaluate the total enthalpy change for the process.
Processes involving adiabatic mixing are particularly simple to analyze when an H-x chart is
available. Suppose XÃ is the mass fraction of A in a mixture of two species, A and B and that a
mass m₁ of Solution 1 (XA1, Ĥ₁) is/mixed adiabatically with a mass m₂ of Solution 2) (XA2, H₂) We
will show that the condition of the product mixture, (xÃ3, Ħ3), is on a straight line on the H-x chart
between the points corresponding to the feed stream conditions.
(5% H₂SO4 at 60°E)
(40% H₂SO4 at 180°F)
m3(lbm)
XA3(lbm A/lbm)
A3(Btu/lbm)
8.5 Mixing and Solution 449
Ĥ₂
Ĥ₂
Ĥ₁
ΚΑΙ
XA3
XA3
XA2
m₁xAl + m₂xA2
m₁ + m₂
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From Figure 8.5-1:
Energy Balance:
Q Search
This applies,
(to example8.5=3
Fusion
farmase
469 of 695
Ⓡ
Ciliquid phase-
The enthalpy of water vapor at 180°F and 1 atm relative to liquid water at 32°F may be obtained from the
steam tables in Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook (see Footnote 5) as
vivapur phase
=
HF 10 Btu/lbm
H=-17 Btu/lbm
m₁(lbm)
XA1 (lbm A/lbm)
A₁(Btu/lbm)
m₂(lbm)
XA2(lbm A/lbm)
Ĥ₂(Btu/lb)
OD
Hv 1138 Btu/lbm
Q = AH = m₂ Ay+ m₂A₁-(1000 lbm/h)ĤF
= [(875)(1138) + (125)(-17) - (1000)(10)] Btu/h
984,000 Btu/h/
■
Compare the ease of this computation with that of Example 8.5-1. Having the enthalpy-concentration
chart eliminates the need for all of the hypothetical heating, cooling, and isothermal mixing steps that would
normally be required to evaluate the total enthalpy change for the process.
Processes involving adiabatic mixing are particularly simple to analyze when an H-x chart is
available. Suppose XÃ is the mass fraction of A in a mixture of two species, A and B and that a
mass m₁ of Solution 1 (XA1, Ĥ₁) is/mixed adiabatically with a mass m₂ of Solution 2) (XA2, H₂) We
will show that the condition of the product mixture, (xÃ3, Ħ3), is on a straight line on the H-x chart
between the points corresponding to the feed stream conditions.
(5% H₂SO4 at 60°E)
(40% H₂SO4 at 180°F)
m3(lbm)
XA3(lbm A/lbm)
A3(Btu/lbm)
8.5 Mixing and Solution 449
Ĥ₂
Ĥ₂
Ĥ₁
ΚΑΙ
XA3
XA3
XA2
m₁xAl + m₂xA2
m₁ + m₂
{"
Ⓡ
J
63
50
D
ENG
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(Btu/lb solution)
Q Search
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
-140
467 of 695
0 0.10 0.20
FIGURE 8.5-1 Enthalpy-concentration
Chem. Eng. Progr., 43:314, 1952.)
32°F
60
100
40
CD
140
120
200°F
180
160
Freezing line
0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70
Mass fraction of H₂SO4
chart for H₂SO4-H₂O. (Redrawn from the data of W. D. Ross,
0.80
0.90 1.00
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