Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079373
Author: William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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- A solution is made by dissolving 15.0 g sodium hydroxide in approximately 450 mL water. The solution becomes quite warm, but after it is allowed to return to room temperature, water is added to bring the volume to 500.0 mL of solution. (a) Calculate the pH and pOH in the final solution. (b) Why would we wait for it to return to room temperature? (c) If the mass of the water used to initially dissolve the sodium hydroxide were exactly 450 g and the temperature of the water increased by 8.865 C, how much heat was given off by the dissolution of 15.0 g of solute? Assume the specific heat of the solution is 4.184 J/g. K. What is the molar heat change for the dissolution of sodium hydroxide (known as the enthalpy of solution, Hsol)?arrow_forward. How is the strength of an acid related to the fact that a competition for protons exists in aqueous solution between water molecules and the anion of the acid?arrow_forwardTwo students were asked to determine the Kb of an unknown base. They were given a bottle with a solution in it. The bottle was labeled aqueous solution of a monoprotic strong acid. They were also given a pH meter, a buret, and an appropriate indicator. They reported the following data: volume of acid required for neutralization = 21.0 mL pH after 7.00 mL of strong acid added = 8.95 Use the students' data to determme the Kb of the unknown base.arrow_forward
- If the pH of a solution containing the strong base Sr(OH)2 is 10.46 at 25C, what is the concentration of Sr(OH)2? (a) 3.5 1011 M (b) 2.9 104 M (c) 6.9 104 M (d) 1.4 104 Marrow_forwardConsider a solution prepared by mixing a weak acid HA. HCl, and NaA. Which of the following statements best describes what happens? a. The H+ from the HCl reacts completely with the A from the NaA. Then the HA dissociates somewhat. b. The H+ from the HCl reacts somewhat with the A from the NaA to make HA, while the HA is dissociating. Eventually you have equal amounts of everything. c. The H+ from the HCl reacts somewhat with the A from the NaA to make HA while the HA is dissociating. Eventually all the reactions have equal rates. d. The H+ from the HCl reacts completely with the A from the NaA. Then the HA dissociates somewhat until too much H+ and A are formed, so the H+ and A react to form HA, and so on. Eventually equilibrium is reached. Justify your choice, and for choices you did not pick, explain what is wrong with them.arrow_forwardConsider an aqueous solution of HF. The molar heat of formation for aqueous HF is -320.1 kJ/mol. (a) What is the pH of a 0.100 M solution of HF at 100C? (b) Compare with the pH of a 0.100 M solution of HF at 25C.arrow_forward
- For oxyacids, how does acid strength depend on a. the strength of the bond to the acidic hydrogen atom? b. the electronegativity of the element bonded to the oxygen atom that bears the acidic hydrogen? c. the number of oxygen atoms? How does the strength of a conjugate base depend on these factors? What type of solution forms when a nonmetal oxide dissolves in water? Give an example of such an oxide. What type of solution forms when a metal oxide dissolves in water? Give an example of such an oxide.arrow_forwardWhat is the pH of a solution obtained by mixing 235 mL of NaOH with a pH of 11.57 and 316 mL of Sr(OH)2 with a pH of 12.09? Assume that volumes are additive.arrow_forwardThe pH of a solution of Ba(OH)2 is 10.66 at 25 . What is the hydroxide ion concentration in the solution? If the solution volume is 125 mL, what mass of Ba(OH)2 must have been dissolved?arrow_forward
- 8-115 When a solution prepared by dissolving 0.125 g of an unknown diprotic acid in 25.0 mL of water is titrated with 0.200 M NaOH, 30.0 ml, of the NaOH solution is needed to neutralize the acid. Determine the molarity of the acid solution. What is the molar mass of the unknown diprotic acid?arrow_forwardCalculate the pH of a solution prepared by mixing 49.0 mL of butyric acid, HC4H7O2, with 6.15 g of KOH in water. The following data about butyric acid may be helpful: density=0.9595g/mL;K a =1.54105arrow_forwardA diprotic acid, H2B(MM=126g/moL), is determined to be a hydrate, H2B xH2O. A 10.00-g sample of this hydrate is dissolved in enough water to make 150.0 mL of solution. Twenty-five milliliters of this solution requires 48.5 mL of 0.425 M NaOH to reach the equivalence point. What is x?arrow_forward
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