How is the ribosome a target in terms of antibiotic action mechanisms

You plan to synthesize a peptide to be used as a vaccine to treat melanoma, a particularly aggressive form of skin cancer. Normally, gp100, a protein on the surface of melanocytes, activates cell growth when it is bound by its ligand. Activation of the growth pathway depends on the presence of threonine in the ligand. The effective peptide vaccine will mimic the natural ligand, but won’t cause cell growth and division. Below is the sequence of the natural ligand:   LDMKTAG   In order to ensure your newly designed peptide vaccine does not cause cell growth upon binding, you must substitute the Threonine residue at position 5. What amino acid would you replace it with, bearing in mind that the peptide should still be similar enough to bind to the gp100 protein in the surface of melanocytes. Explain your choice. Your vaccine will be administered as a topical cream, and you require your peptide to have an overall neutral charge in order to be functional. At what pH should you formulate…

Some bacteria may have higher mutation rates than others follow­ing exposure to UV light. Discuss a reason why this might be the case. What experiments could you do to determine whether this is a likely possibility?

When choosing a "first line" drug to treat an infection, the most important characteristic would be? the specific mechanism of action bactericidal broad spectrum low toxicity (fewest side effects) In what cell type can both transcription and translation occur simultaneously? both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells neither prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells prokaryotic cells eukaryotic cells

Before JCVI-syn3.0 was produced, what steps were used to create a synthetic Mycoplasma cell? Put the events below into the correct order. Drag and drop the events into the proper sequence from left to right. ▸ View Available Hint(s) First Step Transformed cells are detected by the presence of lacz, which causes them to cleave Xgal and produce a blue color. Yeast is transformed using Mycoplasma mycoides fragments. The synthetic chromosome is transformed into Mycoplasma capricolum. The synthetic Mycoplasma mycoides chromosome is purified. DNA fragments assemble through homologous recombination in yeast. Reset Help Last Step

Place the following enzymes in the correct order of action RNA 5' triphosphatase RNA polymerase II 1 2 3 Guanylyl transferase Guanine-7-methyl transferase

From the perspective of a bacteriophage, what is the advantage of being able to follow either a lytic or a lysogenic cycle?

The structure of a prodrug used for treating people with HIV virus (human immunodeficiency virus) and AIDS is shown below. This molecule is a precursor of a protease inhibitor that competitively inhibits HIV protease due to its resemblance to the proteolytic site of the enzyme. Which process in the viral life cycle does this inhibitor target directly ?   Group of answer choices a. viral protein processing for making new viruses b. viral mRNA synthesis c. viral DNA integration into the host cell DNA d. viral DNA synthesis