How does Mycobacterium tuberculosis gain access through that preferred portal of entry Explain how the Mycobacterium tuberculosis is able to evade innate human host defenses that prevent this from occurring. discuss specific components of your pathogen. (Examples may include capsules, cell wall components, exoenzymes, antigenic variation and penetration of the host cell cytoskeleton.)

Q: Define meningitis.Compare and contrast between bacterial and viral meningitis including treatment…

A: Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and prions are all examples of organisms that can cause…

Q: ) 1) becomes latent in dorsal root ganglia that serve specific der 2) uses the respiratory…

A: Very well as hostel virus is also known as human herpesvirus 3. It causes chickenpox (varicella), a…

Q: Shigella, Mycobacterium, and numerous other pathogens have developed mechanisms that prevent them…

A: Pathogens have developed several methods to evade the immune mechanisms of the host. Evasion of the…

Q: Why is it significant that toll-like receptors (TLRs) are found on both the plasma membrane and…

A: Introduction TLRs recognize pathogens and generates an immediate defence response. Induce cytokines…

Q: How does the Capsule produced by S. pneumoniae allow them to have deep lung tissue invasion, also…

A: Streptococcus pneumoniae It is a Gram-positive, spherical bacteria. It is a facultative anaerobic…

Q: Lyme disease or zika virus   https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5729143/…

A: Viruses are microscopic infectious agents that can only replicate inside the cells of living…

Q: Suppose a patient is suffered by fever with inflammation.  What will be the biomarkers to detect…

A: Inflammation It is a local defensive mechanism to the tissue damage to limit the spread of injurious…

Q: A patient has their spleen removed due to an accident.  How will this affect the immune response?

A: The ability to overcome pathogens and other harmful substances is known as immunity. Immunity…

Q: What are the factors influencing the extent and the deverity of an infection, explain.

A: Introduction Emergence infectious disease are occurs due to newly identified and previously unknown…

Q: How can C3b be both a product of complement activation and an activator of the complement system?

A: In a complement system, the presence of foreign pathogens triggers the C3 protein.

Q: Why are gram-positive bacteria typically more resistant than gram-negative bacteria to…

A: Bacteria are found everywhere. They can survive almost every where including bottom of oceans, our…

Q: Pathogenic organisms cause damage to the host by a variety of mechanisms, depending on the category…

A: The immune system is the defense system that helps in the prevention and destruction of foreign…

Q: In 2013, there was an outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus (MRSA) at an NFL…

A: The study of what makes a certain action in a specific scenario the proper thing to do is known as…

Q: What is the “iceberg concept of infection.” How does this affect our understanding of the mortality…

A: The "iceberg concept of infection" is a model used to describe the epidemiology of infectious…

Q: identify one type of pathogen or infectious agent. Describe ways to prevent the spread of the…

A: Introduction :  An infectious disease is a condition that develops as a result of a pathogenic…

Q: Describe the function of the major virulence factors expressed by Listeria monocytogenes that are…

A: Prokaryotes are the primitive organisms that were the first to develop and harness life on Earth.…

Q: Which of the following is a reason that specific pathogens tend to infect specific tissues? Most…

A: Let's understand this:Imagine the human body as a large city with different neighborhoods, each with…

Q: Use the following choices for the next set of questions. A choice may be used zero or more times:…

A: Immunity refers to the body's ability to protect itself against disease-causing germs. Nearly every…

Q: Which of the following best explains why vaccination of humans against rabies can be delayed until…

A: Rabies is a viral illness that can be deadly in case not treated promptly. Vaccination against…

Q: What is the normal bacterial flora? What is its role in defense?

A: Introduction :- A population of bacteria that lives on or in the body and has a special ecological…

Q: A few years ago, Ebola was all over the news and it looks like it may return. A treatment method…

A: In a plasma-only donation, the liquid portion of the donor's blood is separated from the cells.

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A: Bacteriophage T4 possesses both "early" and "late" genes. This categorization indicates that these…

Q: What is an inclusion body? Why is it important in the diagnosis of viral infections? For example,…

A: When a virus or any other disease-causing agent enters into a host cell such as a bacterial cell or…

Q: Toll-like receptors represent an ancient pathogen-recognition system. The first pattern recognition…

A: The recent advancement of science has led to the discovery of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that…

Q: The difference between direct and indirect contact infection? Example

A: Infection is defined as the process of causing harm or disease within the body by the  invasion of…

Q: What role do the host cells proteases play in infection, i.e., in viruses gainging access to the…

A: The explanation is given below.

Q: Why are there different types of haemolytic reactions?

A: Introduction:- A hemolytic transfusion response is a potentially fatal complication that can develop…

Q: normal microbiota

A: Microbiota can  refer to all the microorganisms found in an environment, including Bacteria, viruses…

Q: hy are hemolysins a virulence factor, ie what advantage does it g

A: The lipids and proteins that cause the lysis of red blood cells by disrupting the cell membrane are…

Q: Knowing the pathogenesis of TB, what virulence factors would you expect to see in this microorganism…

A: Tuberculosis is the disease of the respiratory system causes by the bacterium Mycobacterium…

Q: Which of the following is an example of a pathogen-associated molecular pattern that might be sensed…

A: Pathogen-associated molecular patterns are evolutionary conserved molecular structures found in…