How does bacterial gene regulation differ from eukaryotic gene regulation? How are they similar?

Q: How do most transcription factors determine which genes they act upo

A: Protein synthesis through genes occurs in two steps: The DNA sequence present in the gene is…

Q: How are amino acids brought to the sites of the cell where translation takes place? What is an…

A: Introduction In this question we will discuss how are amino acids brought to the sites of the cell…

Q: What is the difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes in terms of primary transcripts?

A: Primary transcript is the immediate product of transcription. In the process of transcription of…

Q: What is the horizontal gene transfer? Briefly describe major mechanisms for the horizontal gene…

A: Horizontal gene transfer refers to the process by which an organism transfers its genetic to another…

Q: You are a genetic engineer that is working on transcriptional regulation in living organisms. In…

A: Genetic engineering is the use of genetic knowledge to artificially manipulate genes: It is one of…

Q: Which of the following is true concerning creatine phosphate (CP)? a) It can directly be used for…

A: Creatine phosphate is a molecule that can store energy in its phosphate bonds. In a resting muscle…

Q: A full-length eukaryotic gene is inserted into a bacterial chromosome. The gene contains a complete…

A: The eukaryotic DNA is composed of coding and non-coding sequences, almost 90% are non-coding…

Q: What is direct and indirect gene transfer and where does is generally occur?

A: A gene is a unit of hereditary present in thousands of numbers on the helical strands of…

Q: What is the basic difference between "structural" genes and "regulatory" genes?

A: These basically refer to the gene which codes for RNA or  Protein product (enzyme) which is…

Q: What are the two enzymatic functions of reverse transcriptase?

A: Enzymes are the biocatalyst that catalyzes the biochemical reactions or processes by lowering the…

Q: What are the roles of sigma factor, rho factor, and an intrinsic terminator in transcription in…

A: Introduction: Transcription is the synthesis of single-stranded messenger RNA (mRNA) from the…

Q: control

A: Post transcriptional control is the control of gene expression at the RNA level.  It occurs once the…

Q: What is the difference in how mediator works with activation vs. repression of transcription?

A: Transcription refers to the mechanism in which the genetic information in DNA is transferred by RNA…

Q: How is it possible that alternative splicing can effectively increase the number of genes in the…

A: A gene is a stretch of nucleotides present in the DNA molecule. It encodes information for the…

Q: What are the two enzymatic functions of reverse transcriptase?

A: Enzymes are biocatalysts that catalyse biochemical reactions or processes by decreasing activation…

Q: What is antisense RNA? How does it control gene expression?

A: RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a polymer of nucleotides and is composed of a pentose sugar, a nitrogen…

Q: Which of the following most accurately describes the process involved in protein synthesis?…

A: Introduction  The decoding of an mRNA message into a polypeptide product is known as translation in…

Q: What are master genes? Explain why they are not present in prokaryotes.

A: Genes are a set of instructions that define how an organism looks, how it lives, and how it…

Q: What is transcription?  Give an example

A: In humans, the nucleus of each cell contains 3 x 109 base pairs of DNA that span 23 pairs of…

Q: What serves as the controlled factors (give three factors), dependent variable and independent…

A: Nucleic acids are involved in various processes in the cell, and their main role is the expression…

Q: How is transcription controlled in prokaryotes?

A: DNA is transcribed to form mRNA via gene transcription. Prokaryotic transcription is less complex…

Q: What do eukaryotic transcription factors do?

A: Transcription of eukaryotic genes requires many proteins factors called transcription factors apart…

Q: Which of the following is not a general description of the gene expression regulation mechanisms…

A: Gene expression regulation mechanisms helps to maintain the  rate of gene expression or to regulate…

Q: What is a bacterial operon and the two types of it?

A: The bacterial genome consists of thousands of different genes located on one chromosome and these…

Q: Which sequence is most likely to be found in a promoter? a) CGGTGTATATCGTAC b) GTACAGTCATCCCGT c)…

A: Promoter It is a DNA sequence that controls whether a gene is turned on or off. The promoter…

Q: what is the difference between the genetic international regulatory process and the genetic local…

A: The international and local genetic regulatory process  Every country has its own regulatory…

Q: What are Focused and dispersed promoters in  Transcriptions ?

A: Promoters are DNA regions where gene transcription begins. Focused and dispersed promoters are the…

Q: The absence of tryptophan (trp) in E. coli A) O produces an inactive trp repressor B) O causes…

A: The gene regulation in prokaryotes (E. coli) is controlled by operon system. On operon system…

Q: In bacteria, which sequences in the promoter does sigma protein recognize to establish a constant…

A: A promoter is the cis-acting and position-dependent DNA sequence that is necessary for efficient…

Q: In negative control systems, which of the following would cause transcription to proceed? A)…

A: Introduction The process of converting a piece of DNA into RNA is known as transcription. Messenger…

Q: a) b) c) d) Spongebob's dream is to become like Larry the lobster, a strong, handsome bodybuilder.…

A: Receptors are the proteinaceous substances that are responsible for binding of the ligands. These…

Q: What is known as reverse transcription ?

A: Introduction: Transcription is the formation of the mRNA from the DNA with the help of the enzyme…

Q: What types of proteins are known to be translated using an alternate start codon?

A: The start codon is the first codon of a messenger RNA transcript translated by a ribosome.

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.