how do i find quartile 1 in a set of data?

Identify the linear correlation coefficient r , test statistics and pvalue. thank you

What is the interpretation of correlation coefficient?

A high correlation between two variables does not always mean that changes in one cause changes in the other. The best way to get good evidence that cause-and-effect is present is to

Need help writing a null hypothesis for the bivariate relationship shown in the SPSS output.

Guéguen and Jacob (2012) asked waitresses to wear different colored T-shirts on differentdays for a six-week period and recorded the lips left by male customers. The results show that male customers gave significantly bigger tips to waitresses when they were wearing red. For this study, identify the independent variable and the dependent variable.

The degrees of freedom of correlation test is determined by what?

Help me please

Researchers were interested in assessing whether stress levels at the beginning of the semester are related to (i.e., correlated with) stress levels during finals week. To test this, stress was measured in 5 students at the start of the semester and then again at the end of the semester during finals week.     Participant Stress 1 Stress 2 (X - MX) (Y - MY)  (X - MX) (Y - MY) (X - MX)2 (Y - MY)2  1 22 22 -4.4 -6       2 32 34 5.6 6       3 24 25 -2.4 -3       4 28 30 1.6 2       5 26 29 -0.4 1         What is the observed correlation coefficient (i.e., r value)?

Explain how to interpret the absolute value of a correlation coefficient.