Habitat fragmentation results from human activities that change large blocks of landscape, leading to many negative effects on species and ecosystems. Which of the following is not one of the possible consequences of fragmentation? O A. reduction of available habitat O B. increasing degradation of habitat patches O C.increasing wind speeds and temperatures at patch edges O D. spatial isolation of patches O E. increase in top predators present in patches

Which of the following is the definition for species richness?   A. The number of species in a community.   B. The relative abundance and species richness in a community.   C. The number of dominant species in a community.   D. The proportion of a given species in the community.

23. Wayne Sousa glued small boulders in place within an intertidal boulder field in Santa Barbara and discovered that ...   a. low disturbance frequency resulted in a community composed of a mix of r and K-selected species b. low disturbance frequency resulted in a community composed of K-selected species c. species diversity was highest where disturbance frequency was high d. moderate disturbance frequency resulted in a community composed of r-selected species e. species diversity was highest when disturbance frequency was low

1) Compare the biodiversity indices to one another. State a claim about the effect of pollution on the biodiversity of the stream ecosystem. Describe how the pollution levels affect the species richness and biodiversity of the stream. Justify your claim with evidence. Describe the difference in species richness you observed. Explain how human intervention can change biodiversity in positive ways.

In a fragmented rainforest, researchers notice a change in plant species composition near the edges compared to the interior. What might be causing this shift? Group of answer choices: A. Lower temperatures at the edges supporting cold-tolerant plant species B. Increased light and wind exposure at the edges favoring the growth of sun-loving and wind-dispersed plant species C. Higher soil moisture at the edges leading to the proliferation of water-demanding plant species D. Increased competition for resources at the edges leading to a decline in plant diversity

Which of the subsequent options is not included in the red list criteria for species classified as "critically endangered"? 1. The population is projected to decrease by 25% or more within a span of 3 years or 1 generation. 2. The species possesses a limited range of less than 100km2 in a solitary location, and there is evidence of or anticipated habitat loss, fragmentation, ecological imbalance, or significant commercial pollution. 3. The likelihood of extinction exceeds 50% within a timeframe of 10 years or 3 generations. 4. The overall population size consists of fewer than 200 mature individuals.

Succession can be viewed as the effect of ____i____ competition on a community in which ____ii____ species tend to gradually be outcompeted by ____iii____ species. The row below that best completes the statement above is row a. interspecific; r-selected; K-selected b. interspecific; K-selected; r-selected c. intraspecific; r-selected; K-selected d. intraspecific; K-selected; r-selected

Competitive exclusion is the result of a. mutualism by two species for the same limiting resource. b.competition c. parasitism d. symbiosis e.commensalism

Lightning strikes in interior Alaska have resulted in frequent wildfires due to dry climate in late spring. What type of species is expected to grow in the area affected by the wildfire and what type of succession will it be, respectively?   Select one: a. First Species to Grow Type of Succession Lichen Secondary b. First Species to Grow Type of Succession Tundra grass Primary c. First Species to Grow Type of Succession Tundra grass Secondary d. First Species to Grow Type of Succession Lichen Primary   How are two different populations able to occupy the same ecological niche without one population eliminating the other? Select one: a. through low intraspecific competition for food and breeding areas b. through low interspecific competition for food and breeding areas c. through high intraspecific competition for food and breeding areas d. through high interspecific competition for food and breeding areas

A biodiversity hotspot is defined as an area that has at least 2,000 endemic plants and at least 50% vegetation loss True False