After a large hurricane in 1989, the amount of live coral cover on a coral reef decreased from >80% to <10%. You observed live coral cover increased slowly from 1992 to 1998. By 1998, populations of all common fish species returned to pre- 1989 levels, although one species had not recovered to pre-impact levels by 1998. By focusing on how closely the post-hurricane recovery community of common fish resembles the pre-disturbance community, you are specifically studying: O resilience
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- Population size increases whena. the sum of birth rate and death rate exceeds the sum ofimmigration and emigration.b. the sum of birth rate and immigration exceeds the sum of deathrate and emigration.Figure 37.20 Opportunistic and Equilibrium Species:A Summary.• High reproduction rate• Many ospring• Each ospring receives littleparental care• Low survival rate for juveniles• Early reproductive maturity• Type III survivorship curve:Opportunistic life history Equilibrium life history• Low reproduction rate• Few ospring• Each ospring receivesextensive parental care• High survival rate for juveniles• Late reproductive maturity• Type I survivorship curve:AgeSurvivorsAgeSurvivors764 UNIT SEVEN The Ecology of Lifehoe2420X_ch37_748-765.indd 764 12/15/16 11:45 PMc. the sum of birth rate and emigration exceeds the sum of death rateand immigration.d. the sum of death rate and immigration exceeds the sum of birthrate and emigration.ENDANGERED ANIMAL is CA least tern bird 1-2 bases on the CA least tern bird Domino Effects As we’ve learned, species are not islands unto themselves; they are integrated with many other organisms in trophic relationships, mutualisms, competition, etc. How is the absence of this species (or its lowered population size) likely to impact the other members of its habitat? (If findings specific to this point are available, please include them – otherwise, I’m asking you to speculate based on what you’ve learned about the biology of this organism.) Conservation Efforts Discuss past, current, and proposed efforts to conserve this species. Are these strategies effective? Are they realistic? What is the outlook for this organism?The figure below shows the relative abundance (y axis) of shrubs in an ecosystem in the years following a fire (x axis). The shrubs in this ecosystem fall into two functional groups: fıre recruiters and fıre persisters. FIRE-RECRUITER SYNDROME FIRE-PERSISTER SYNDROME 10 100 Fire LOG YEARS If fire frequency decreased significantly in this ecosystem, which group would be benefited? O Both functional groups would benefit equally O Fire recruiter species O Fire persister species RELATIVE SHRUB SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT
- A species is considered to be endangered if it is expected to be extinct within 20years. A population of porpoise has approximately 1, 150 members alive today, and thepopulation has been steadily declining at an annual rate of about 36% over the pastdecade. In what year is the population expected to have only 1 individual left alive?Should this species of porpoise be considered endangered?Suppose we removed whelks from the intertidal community. Predict the effect (increase, decrease, no change) on the population sizes for each of the following species. It is important to consider indirect effects. For each of the small gray arrows, you can consider that effect negligible and treat it as a neutral (0) effect. coral weed sea stars + acorn barnacles mussels gooseneck barnacles. nori seaweed + chiton mussel ochre sea star nori seaweed [Choose ] [Choose ] [Choose ] [Choose ] [Choose ] acorn barnacle black pine gooseneck barnacleENDANGERED ANIMAL is CA least tern bird 1-3 bases on the bird Reasons for Endangerment Explain the various factors that have led to this species’ current plight. Expand on these points individually, based on your species’ unique story. Domino Effects As we’ve learned, species are not islands unto themselves; they are integrated with many other organisms in trophic relationships, mutualisms, competition, etc. How is the absence of this species (or its lowered population size) likely to impact the other members of its habitat? (If findings specific to this point are available, please include them – otherwise, I’m asking you to speculate based on what you’ve learned about the biology of this organism.) Conservation Efforts Discuss past, current, and proposed efforts to conserve this species. Are these strategies effective? Are they realistic? What is the outlook for this organism?
- Which statments are correct? Question 25 options: Species diversity tends to increase with evapostranspiration Species diversity tends to increase with when parasitism is low Species diversity tends to increase with island area Species diversity tends to be higher when disturbance frequency is low Species diversity tends to increase with decreasing latitudeGiven the data collected by a recent Australian government study on the Great Barrier reef we recognize humans have protected the reef and it is now a model for restoration projects, worldwide. humans are killing the reef through acts of violence so discrete they are unable to be quelled by even military forces. humans are indifferent to the status of the reef. humans are destroying the reef through their own generated pollution. it is a relatively easy task to restore the world landmark.Which of the indices listed would you use ito answer each of the following questions? Answers choices are on the bottom A-G. Has the fish community changed in Alcyon Lake over time? How many mice are in my house? Is the Cannabis I see growing around this property growing in clumps or in a regular pattern Do Bighorn Sheep populations have higher mortality when juveniles or adults? A. Survivorship B. Petersen Index C. Species Richness D. Diversity Index E. Dispersion Index F. Species Turnover G. Importance Value
- Driving Forces An increase of population in Barangay Camp 4 Tuba, Benguet was recorded during the year 2020, which has caused an increase in demands for industrial and agricultural goods and services as well as economic growth. Most of the residents rely on agriculture as one of their main sources of income, along with tourism. Moreover, many infrastructures such as development centers, waterworks and drainage systems, and tourist spots are built and continue to develop, which could potentially cause widespread environmental problems such as pollution and loss of biodiversity. Thus, these factors serve as driving forces for human activities to attain or fulfill their basic needs and to thrive. PRESSURE???Which of the following situations is a density - dependent limiting factor? Choose only one. - Dinoflagellates in Laguna de Bay increase in population due to an increase in organic substance in the body of water brought by water pollution.- The oil spill in Guimaras harmed many aquatic organisms in the vicinity.- Super typhoon Haiyan caused many residents to leave Tacloban, Leyte.- Population of civet cat decreases because of deforestation.Trumpeter swans were once widespread and abundant in North America. However, a combination of heavy hunting pressure and habitat lost drastically 4 reduced the species’ population down to less than 70 individuals in the wild by the mid-1930s. By the mid-1980s, Trumpeter swans were more prevalent again in Alberta, especially near Grande Prairie. The following graph depicts the estimated number of Trumpeter swans in Alberta, carried out at five-year intervals from 1985 to 2010. What growth pattern of the Trumpeter swan population in Alberta is being observed? What environmental conditions allow the growth pattern that you identified? What may cause the growth pattern that is being observed to change?