From the survey, the following readings were observed successively with a leveling instrument. check the arithmetic calculations by the following two methods.• rise and fall method• height of collimation method Table 1 Rise & Fall MethodВack-Inter-Fore-ReducedRiseFallRemarkssightmediate sightlevel2.55450.00Datum RL+50 m1.783A0.926B1.963C1.3053.587D/ change point 11.432E3.2500.573F/ change point 21.925G3.0150.496H/ change point 30.780J Table 2 Height of collimation method (height of instrument)Fore- Height ofsightВack-Inter-ReducedRemarkssightmediatecollimationlevel2.554Datum RL+50 m1.783A0.926B1.9631.3053.587D/ change point 11.432E3.2500.573F/ change point 21.925G3.0150.496H/ change point 30.780J

Given:- The readings observed with a leveling instrument is given Backsight Intermediate…

From the survey, the following readings were observed successively with a leveling instrument. check the arithmetic calculations by the following two methods. • rise and fall method • height of collimation method

From the survey, the following readings were observed successively with a leveling instrument. check the arithmetic calculations by the following two methods. • rise and fall method • height of collimation method

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Concept explainers

Errors in surveying

An error in surveying is defined as the difference between two or more values of an identical quantity. However, the estimates are never accurate and there will always be a degree of variability regardless of the research tool or method used. These differences are known as errors that need to be reduced or eliminated to maintain certain levels of accuracy. Even if you carefully follow the prescribed test procedures, the considerations may contain errors.

Question

From the survey, the following readings were observed successively with a leveling instrument. check the arithmetic calculations by the following two methods.
• rise and fall method
• height of collimation method

Table 1 Rise & Fall Method
Вack-
Inter-
Fore-
Reduced
Rise
Fall
Remarks
sight
mediate sight
level
2.554
50.00
Datum RL+50 m
1.783
A
0.926
B
1.963
C
1.305
3.587
D/ change point 1
1.432
E
3.250
0.573
F/ change point 2
1.925
G
3.015
0.496
H/ change point 3
0.780
J

Table 2 Height of collimation method (height of instrument)
Fore- Height of
sight
Вack-
Inter-
Reduced
Remarks
sight
mediate
collimation
level
2.554
Datum RL+50 m
1.783
A
0.926
B
1.963
1.305
3.587
D/ change point 1
1.432
E
3.250
0.573
F/ change point 2
1.925
G
3.015
0.496
H/ change point 3
0.780
J

Determining the relative position of points on the Earth's surface and measuring the angle and distance between them in order to calculate the required parameters such as elevation and enclosed area.

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