For the data presented in the figure below A B C 1 Inputs-Costs, Capacities, Demands 2 3 4 Supply Region N. America S. America 16 Europe 17 Asia 18 Africa 19 20 Constraints Demand Regio Production and Transportation Cos N America S America Europe 92 81 117 102 115 142 5 6 Europe 7 Asia 8 Africa 9 Demand 10 11 Decision Variables 12 13 Supply Region N America S. America Europe 14 N. America 0 15 S. America 24 Europe 25 Asia 26 Africa 27 28 Unmet Demand 29 30 Objective Function 31 Cost- 12 0 2000 21 Supply Region Excess Capacity 22 N. America 23 S. America S 23,751 12 1003 2刀 13 125 100 Demand Region - Production Allo Plants 0 77 D 8 8000 101 108 95 90 103 14 3 N. America S. America Europe 0 0 04000 10 E 0 Fixed Low Fixed High Cost (5) Capacity Cost (5) Capacity 6.000 10 9,000 4,500 10 6,750 6,500 10 9.750 4,100 10 6,150 10 6,000 4,000 Plants (1-open) (1-open) G 0000 H 682222 20 20 20 20 20 1- Assuming that the unit cost in the above excel snapshot is given per 1,000, 000 units, and the resulting deman allocation is shown in 1000 units. Then, what is the variable cost of shipping from Asia to Europe? 2- What is the cell formula for the unmet demand for Europe? 3- What is the cell formula for the excess capacity of Asia?
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- The Global Sourcing Wire Harness Decision Sheila Austin, a buyer at Autolink, a Detroit-based producer of subassemblies for the automotive market, has sent out requests for quotations for a wiring harness to four prospective suppliers. Only two of the four suppliers indicated an interest in quoting the business: Original Wire (Auburn Hills, MI) and Happy Lucky Assemblies (HLA) of Guangdong Province, China. The estimated demand for the harnesses is 5,000 units a month. Both suppliers will incur some costs to retool for this particular harness. The harnesses will be prepackaged in 24 12 6-inch cartons. Each packaged unit weighs approximately 10 pounds. Quote 1 The first quote received is from Original Wire. Auburn Hills is about 20 miles from Autolinks corporate headquarters, so the quote was delivered in person. When Sheila went down to the lobby, she was greeted by the sales agent and an engineering representative. After the quote was handed over, the sales agent noted that engineering would be happy to work closely with Autolink in developing the unit and would also be interested in future business that might involve finding ways to reduce costs. The sales agent also noted that they were hungry for business, as they were losing a lot of customers to companies from China. The quote included unit price, tooling, and packaging. The quoted unit price does not include shipping costs. Original Wire requires no special warehousing of inventory, and daily deliveries from its manufacturing site directly to Autolinks assembly operations are possible. Original Wire Quote: Unit price = 30 Packing costs = 0.75 per unit Tooling = 6,000 one-time fixed charge Freight cost = 5.20 per hundred pounds Quote 2 The second quote received is from Happy Lucky Assemblies of Guangdong Province, China. The supplier must pack the harnesses in a container and ship via inland transportation to the port of Shanghai in China, have the shipment transferred to a container ship, ship material to Seattle, and then have material transported inland to Detroit. The quoted unit price does not include international shipping costs, which the buyer will assume. HLA Quote: Unit price = 19.50 Shipping lead time = Eight weeks Tooling = 3,000 In addition to the suppliers quote, Sheila must consider additional costs and information before preparing a comparison of the Chinese suppliers quotation: Each monthly shipment requires three 40-foot containers. Packing costs for containerization = 2 per unit. Cost of inland transportation to port of export = 200 per container. Freight forwarders fee = 100 per shipment (letter of credit, documentation, etc.). Cost of ocean transport = 4,000 per container. This has risen significantly in recent years due to a shortage of ocean freight capacity. Marine insurance = 0.50 per 100 of shipment. U.S. port handling charges = 1,200 per container. This fee has also risen considerably this year, due to increased security. Ports have also been complaining that the charges may increase in the future. Customs duty = 5% of unit cost. Customs broker fees per shipment = 300. Transportation from Seattle to Detroit = 18.60 per hundred pounds. Need to warehouse at least four weeks of inventory in Detroit at a warehousing cost of 1.00 per cubic foot per month, to compensate for lead time uncertainty. Sheila must also figure the costs associated with committing corporate capital for holding inventory. She has spoken to some accountants, who typically use a corporate cost of capital rate of 15%. Cost of hedging currencybroker fees = 400 per shipment Additional administrative time due to international shipping = 4 hours per shipment 25 per hour (estimated) At least two five-day visits per year to travel to China to meet with supplier and provide updates on performance and shipping = 20,000 per year (estimated) The international sourcing costs must be absorbed by Sheila, as the supplier does not assume any of the additional estimated costs and invoice Sheila later, or build the costs into a revised unit price. Sheila feels that the U.S. supplier is probably less expensive, even though it quoted a higher price. Sheila also knows that this is a standard technology that is unlikely to change during the next three years, but which could be a contract that extends multiple years out. There is also a lot of hall talk amongst the engineers on her floor about next-generation automotive electronics, which will completely eliminate the need for wire harnesses, which will be replaced by electronic components that are smaller, lighter, and more reliable. She is unsure about how to calculate the total costs for each option, and she is even more unsure about how to factor these other variables into the decision. Calculate the total cost per unit of purchasing from Original Wire.The Global Sourcing Wire Harness Decision Sheila Austin, a buyer at Autolink, a Detroit-based producer of subassemblies for the automotive market, has sent out requests for quotations for a wiring harness to four prospective suppliers. Only two of the four suppliers indicated an interest in quoting the business: Original Wire (Auburn Hills, MI) and Happy Lucky Assemblies (HLA) of Guangdong Province, China. The estimated demand for the harnesses is 5,000 units a month. Both suppliers will incur some costs to retool for this particular harness. The harnesses will be prepackaged in 24 12 6-inch cartons. Each packaged unit weighs approximately 10 pounds. Quote 1 The first quote received is from Original Wire. Auburn Hills is about 20 miles from Autolinks corporate headquarters, so the quote was delivered in person. When Sheila went down to the lobby, she was greeted by the sales agent and an engineering representative. After the quote was handed over, the sales agent noted that engineering would be happy to work closely with Autolink in developing the unit and would also be interested in future business that might involve finding ways to reduce costs. The sales agent also noted that they were hungry for business, as they were losing a lot of customers to companies from China. The quote included unit price, tooling, and packaging. The quoted unit price does not include shipping costs. Original Wire requires no special warehousing of inventory, and daily deliveries from its manufacturing site directly to Autolinks assembly operations are possible. Original Wire Quote: Unit price = 30 Packing costs = 0.75 per unit Tooling = 6,000 one-time fixed charge Freight cost = 5.20 per hundred pounds Quote 2 The second quote received is from Happy Lucky Assemblies of Guangdong Province, China. The supplier must pack the harnesses in a container and ship via inland transportation to the port of Shanghai in China, have the shipment transferred to a container ship, ship material to Seattle, and then have material transported inland to Detroit. The quoted unit price does not include international shipping costs, which the buyer will assume. HLA Quote: Unit price = 19.50 Shipping lead time = Eight weeks Tooling = 3,000 In addition to the suppliers quote, Sheila must consider additional costs and information before preparing a comparison of the Chinese suppliers quotation: Each monthly shipment requires three 40-foot containers. Packing costs for containerization = 2 per unit. Cost of inland transportation to port of export = 200 per container. Freight forwarders fee = 100 per shipment (letter of credit, documentation, etc.). Cost of ocean transport = 4,000 per container. This has risen significantly in recent years due to a shortage of ocean freight capacity. Marine insurance = 0.50 per 100 of shipment. U.S. port handling charges = 1,200 per container. This fee has also risen considerably this year, due to increased security. Ports have also been complaining that the charges may increase in the future. Customs duty = 5% of unit cost. Customs broker fees per shipment = 300. Transportation from Seattle to Detroit = 18.60 per hundred pounds. Need to warehouse at least four weeks of inventory in Detroit at a warehousing cost of 1.00 per cubic foot per month, to compensate for lead time uncertainty. Sheila must also figure the costs associated with committing corporate capital for holding inventory. She has spoken to some accountants, who typically use a corporate cost of capital rate of 15%. Cost of hedging currencybroker fees = 400 per shipment Additional administrative time due to international shipping = 4 hours per shipment 25 per hour (estimated) At least two five-day visits per year to travel to China to meet with supplier and provide updates on performance and shipping = 20,000 per year (estimated) The international sourcing costs must be absorbed by Sheila, as the supplier does not assume any of the additional estimated costs and invoice Sheila later, or build the costs into a revised unit price. Sheila feels that the U.S. supplier is probably less expensive, even though it quoted a higher price. Sheila also knows that this is a standard technology that is unlikely to change during the next three years, but which could be a contract that extends multiple years out. There is also a lot of hall talk amongst the engineers on her floor about next-generation automotive electronics, which will completely eliminate the need for wire harnesses, which will be replaced by electronic components that are smaller, lighter, and more reliable. She is unsure about how to calculate the total costs for each option, and she is even more unsure about how to factor these other variables into the decision. Based on the total cost per unit, which supplier should Sheila recommend?The Global Sourcing Wire Harness Decision Sheila Austin, a buyer at Autolink, a Detroit-based producer of subassemblies for the automotive market, has sent out requests for quotations for a wiring harness to four prospective suppliers. Only two of the four suppliers indicated an interest in quoting the business: Original Wire (Auburn Hills, MI) and Happy Lucky Assemblies (HLA) of Guangdong Province, China. The estimated demand for the harnesses is 5,000 units a month. Both suppliers will incur some costs to retool for this particular harness. The harnesses will be prepackaged in 24 12 6-inch cartons. Each packaged unit weighs approximately 10 pounds. Quote 1 The first quote received is from Original Wire. Auburn Hills is about 20 miles from Autolinks corporate headquarters, so the quote was delivered in person. When Sheila went down to the lobby, she was greeted by the sales agent and an engineering representative. After the quote was handed over, the sales agent noted that engineering would be happy to work closely with Autolink in developing the unit and would also be interested in future business that might involve finding ways to reduce costs. The sales agent also noted that they were hungry for business, as they were losing a lot of customers to companies from China. The quote included unit price, tooling, and packaging. The quoted unit price does not include shipping costs. Original Wire requires no special warehousing of inventory, and daily deliveries from its manufacturing site directly to Autolinks assembly operations are possible. Original Wire Quote: Unit price = 30 Packing costs = 0.75 per unit Tooling = 6,000 one-time fixed charge Freight cost = 5.20 per hundred pounds Quote 2 The second quote received is from Happy Lucky Assemblies of Guangdong Province, China. The supplier must pack the harnesses in a container and ship via inland transportation to the port of Shanghai in China, have the shipment transferred to a container ship, ship material to Seattle, and then have material transported inland to Detroit. The quoted unit price does not include international shipping costs, which the buyer will assume. HLA Quote: Unit price = 19.50 Shipping lead time = Eight weeks Tooling = 3,000 In addition to the suppliers quote, Sheila must consider additional costs and information before preparing a comparison of the Chinese suppliers quotation: Each monthly shipment requires three 40-foot containers. Packing costs for containerization = 2 per unit. Cost of inland transportation to port of export = 200 per container. Freight forwarders fee = 100 per shipment (letter of credit, documentation, etc.). Cost of ocean transport = 4,000 per container. This has risen significantly in recent years due to a shortage of ocean freight capacity. Marine insurance = 0.50 per 100 of shipment. U.S. port handling charges = 1,200 per container. This fee has also risen considerably this year, due to increased security. Ports have also been complaining that the charges may increase in the future. Customs duty = 5% of unit cost. Customs broker fees per shipment = 300. Transportation from Seattle to Detroit = 18.60 per hundred pounds. Need to warehouse at least four weeks of inventory in Detroit at a warehousing cost of 1.00 per cubic foot per month, to compensate for lead time uncertainty. Sheila must also figure the costs associated with committing corporate capital for holding inventory. She has spoken to some accountants, who typically use a corporate cost of capital rate of 15%. Cost of hedging currencybroker fees = 400 per shipment Additional administrative time due to international shipping = 4 hours per shipment 25 per hour (estimated) At least two five-day visits per year to travel to China to meet with supplier and provide updates on performance and shipping = 20,000 per year (estimated) The international sourcing costs must be absorbed by Sheila, as the supplier does not assume any of the additional estimated costs and invoice Sheila later, or build the costs into a revised unit price. Sheila feels that the U.S. supplier is probably less expensive, even though it quoted a higher price. Sheila also knows that this is a standard technology that is unlikely to change during the next three years, but which could be a contract that extends multiple years out. There is also a lot of hall talk amongst the engineers on her floor about next-generation automotive electronics, which will completely eliminate the need for wire harnesses, which will be replaced by electronic components that are smaller, lighter, and more reliable. She is unsure about how to calculate the total costs for each option, and she is even more unsure about how to factor these other variables into the decision. Calculate the total cost per unit of purchasing from Happy Lucky Assemblies.
- Suppose that AlwaysRain Irrigation’s marketing department will undertake an intense ad campaign for the bronze sprinklers, which are more expensive but also more durable than the plastic ones. Forecast demand for the next four years is: YEARLY DEMAND 1 (IN 000s) 2 (IN 000s) 3 (IN 000s) 4 (IN 000s) Plastic 90 32 44 55 56 Plastic 180 15 16 17 18 Plastic 360 50 55 64 67 Bronze 90 11 15 18 23 Bronze 180 6 5 6 9 Bronze 360 15 16 17 20 Both production lines can produce all the different types of nozzles. The bronze machines needed for the bronze sprinklers require two operators and can produce up to 12,000 sprinklers. The plastic injection molding machine needed for the plastic sprinklers requires four operators and can produce up to 200,000 sprinklers. Three bronze machines and only one injection molding machine are available. Required: What are the capacity implications of the marketing campaign? (Assume that there is no learning.) In anticipation of the ad…2G MTN Zambia ll 78% 3:30 PM < OperationsManagement_HW1.. 4.12 Consider the following actual and forecast demand lev- els for Big Mac hamburgers at a local McDonald's restaurant: Day Actual Demand Forecast Demand Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday 88 88 72 88 68 84 48 80 The forecast for Monday was derived by observing Monday's demand level and setting Monday's forecast level equal to this demand level. Subsequent forecasts were derived by using exponen- tial smoothing with a smoothing constant of 0.25. Using this expo- nential smoothing method, what is the forecast for Big Mac demand for Friday? Px Download- (1.009 9KB) Comments (0) Send MoreAuto sales at Carmen’s Chevrolet are shown below. Develop a 3-week moving average. Week Auto Sales 1 8 2 10 3 9 4 11 5 10 6 13 7 -
- The purpose of this assignment is to utilize Distribution Requirements Planning (DRP) parameters and inventory data to determine planned order releases in central warehouses. address each problem using full sentences and proper spelling and grammar and submit in an Excel template. 2. For the warehouse of Figure 14.8, suppose actual demands were 24, 16, and 18 in periods 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The initial DRP record is: Forecast requirements In transit Projected available balance Planned shipments Q=40; lead time=1; SS=6. 6 1 20 40 26 Period 2 3 4 5 20 20 20 20 6 266 26 40 40 a. Create the other three DRP records as done in Figure 14.8. What problem is created in period 2? What can be done? b. Does error addback work for this set of circumstances?Q1 Given the Supply chain cost for a service is PKR 195 and the customer value is PKR 225. Determine supply chain surplus and consumer surplus. Q2 PizzaHut is a franchise based model which serves customers a variety of pizzas and related products. The service is purely customized. Identify whether the model is push-based supply chain or pull based supply chain. Can we a have push-pull boundary in PizzaHut case? How? Q3 Discuss Qualitative forecasting technique. Explain the situations where we use Qualitative methods. Discuss Delphi forecasting method and its challenge.(b) Demand history of five different products of a company is shown below. Products 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 A 37 40 41 45 49 26 34 30 26 23 33 28 32 C 58 55 32 38 45 56 62 70 77 86 95 83 88 81 92 85 i. Name the methods that is suitable to forecast the demand of the above five products? ii. Forecast demand of the product B or D with error for the year 2021. If you need a value of a then consider it 0.7.
- Prepare a Demand Forecast for “Year 5” using Excel. Quarterly Data for Cars Sales Yt Year Quarter Sales (1000s) Year 1 1 4.80 2 4.10 3 6.00 4 6.50 Year 2 1 5.80 2 5.20 3 6.80 4 7.40 Year 3 1 6.00 2 5.60 3 7.50 4 7.80 Year 4 1 6.30 2 5.90 3 8.00 4 8.40 Year 5 1 2 3 4Case Study 1: The AusCandy Demand The following table shows the historical demand data for product A in AusCandy Co. Answer the following questions. Period Actual demand Period Actual demand 1 25 13 24 2 21 14 26 3 11 15 38 4 12 16 30 5 14 17 23 6 18 18 40 7 32 19 41 8 23 20 32 9 25 21 44 10 20 22 41 11 26 23 28 12 29 Forecast for period 24 using the following three methods: Exponential smoothing with alpha = 0.25; Moving average with n= 5; and Linear trend Using MAPE, what is the best forecast method in Part a?The following table shows the actual demand observed over the last 4 years: Year Demand 1 8 Provide the forecast from periods 2 through 5 using the naive approach (enter your responses as whole numbers) Year Forecast (NA) 2 8 2 Using exponential smoothing with a=0.50 and a forecast for year 1 of 7.0, provide the forecast from periods 2 through 5 (round your responses to one decimal place). 1 Year Forecast (ES) 7.0 2 3 3 6 3 4 4 10 4 5 5