Find the relative frequency shift for light emitted at the surface of the sun (radius 6.96 x 105 km, mass 1.99 x 1030 kg) if the light is received at the planet Mercury.

A special black material absorbs all light incident upon it. An intense laser beam shines straight up onto a horizontally flat object made out of this material. If the object has an area of 1.0 m² and a mass of 1.0 kg, how much power does the laser need to generate in order to accelerate it upward at a rate that is two times the freefall acceleration of gravity, 2g?

An anstonomer on a planet orbiting the star Deneb wants to differentiate the reflected light by Earth from the light of the Sun. First, consider the area of Earths disk which reflects the Sun's intercepted light. Second, consider the surface area of a sphere with the same radius as Earths orbit around the Sun. Take the ratio of these two areas. Assume the Earths radius is 6400.0 km and is 1.3 x108 km from the Sun.

Astronomers determine that a particular star in our galaxy is moving toward Earth at a speed of 716.0 km/s with respect to the Earth. If Earth receives a wavelength ? = 689.6 nm from this star, what was the wavelength emitted by the star?

Approximately how long would it take a telephone signal to travel 5.46 x 10^10 m from Earth to Mars ?

Processes at the center of a nearby galaxy cause the emission of electromagnetic radiation at a frequency of 3.97×1013 Hz.Detectors on Earth measure the frequency of this radiation as 3.11×1013 Hz. How fast is the galaxy receding from Earth?

A planar electromagnetic wave is propagating in the -x direction. At a certain point P and at a given instant, the electric field of the wave is given by E = (1.27 V/m) ĵ. What is the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field vector of the wave (in nT) at the point P at that instant? Denote the +z direction as positive, and the -z direction as negative. (Use c = 2.9979 × 108 m/s) nT

Consider a spiral galaxy that is moving directly away from Earth with a speed V = 3.040×105 m/s at its center, as shown in the figure. The galaxy is also rotating about its center, so that points in its spiral arms are moving with a speed v = 6.950×105 m/s relative to the center. A)  If light with a frequency of 7.543×1014 Hz is emitted in both arms of the galaxy, what frequency is detected by astronomers observing the arm that is moving toward the Earth? (Measurements of this type are used to map out the speed of various regions in distant, rotating galaxies.) Express your answer using four significant figures.   B)  If light with a frequency of 7.543×1014 Hz is emitted in both arms of the galaxy, what frequency is detected by astronomers observing the arm that is moving away from Earth? Express your answer using four significant figures.

An anstonomer on a planet orbiting the star Deneb wants to differentiate the reflected light by Earth from the light of the Sun. First, consider the area of Earths disk which reflects the Sun's intercepted light. Second, consider the surface area of a sphere with the same radius as Earths orbit around the Sun. Take the ratio of these two areas. Assume the Earths radius is 6400.0 km and is 1.3 x108 km from the Sun.

A 1.00-m² solar panel on a satellite that keeps the panel oriented perpendicular to radiation arriving from the Sun absorbs 1.40 kJ of energy every second. The satellite is located at 1.00 AU from the Sun. (The Earth-Sun distance is approximately 1.00 AU.) How long would it take an identical panel that is also oriented perpendicular to the incoming radiation to absorb the same amount of energy, if it were on an interplanetary exploration vehicle 2.85 AU from the Sun? S