Find the marked currents and marked voltages knowing that for all op amps, ±Vcc = ±18V

Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
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Author:Robert L. Boylestad
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Find the marked currents and marked voltages knowing that for all op amps, ±Vcc = ±18V

The diagram illustrates an electrical circuit with two operational amplifiers configured in a specific arrangement. Here is a detailed breakdown of the circuit components and their connections:

1. **Inputs and Voltages:**
   - \( V_1 = 6.98 \, \text{V} \)
   - \( V_2 = 7 \, \text{V} \)

2. **Resistors and Their Values:**
   - Two resistors of \( 20 \, \text{k}\Omega \) each are connected in series to the non-inverting terminal of the top operational amplifier.
   - Another \( 20 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor connects to the inverting terminal (\( V_n \)) of the second operational amplifier.
   - A \( 40 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor connects the output of the top operational amplifier to the inverting input of the second op-amp.
   - A \( 50 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor connects the output voltage (\( V_o \)) of the second op-amp to the ground.

3. **Circuit Nodes and Currents:**
   - The current \( i_1 \) flows through the \( 20 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor to the non-inverting node (\( V_n \)).
   - The current \( i_2 \) passes through another \( 20 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor from the inverting input of the second op-amp.
   - The current \( i_3 \) moves through the \( 40 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor from \( V_n \) towards the second op-amp.
   - The output current \( i_4 \) flows through the \( 50 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor to the ground.

4. **Op-Amp Configuration:**
   - Two op-amps are illustrated with standard positive and negative input terminals. The first op-amp has its non-inverting terminal connected to \( V_1 \) and its inverting terminal connected through resistors to the non-inverting terminal of the second op-amp.
   - The second op-amp receives inputs from its inverting terminal through the \( 40 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor and its non-inverting terminal directly from the ground.

This circuit likely operates as a specific form of amplifier
Transcribed Image Text:The diagram illustrates an electrical circuit with two operational amplifiers configured in a specific arrangement. Here is a detailed breakdown of the circuit components and their connections: 1. **Inputs and Voltages:** - \( V_1 = 6.98 \, \text{V} \) - \( V_2 = 7 \, \text{V} \) 2. **Resistors and Their Values:** - Two resistors of \( 20 \, \text{k}\Omega \) each are connected in series to the non-inverting terminal of the top operational amplifier. - Another \( 20 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor connects to the inverting terminal (\( V_n \)) of the second operational amplifier. - A \( 40 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor connects the output of the top operational amplifier to the inverting input of the second op-amp. - A \( 50 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor connects the output voltage (\( V_o \)) of the second op-amp to the ground. 3. **Circuit Nodes and Currents:** - The current \( i_1 \) flows through the \( 20 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor to the non-inverting node (\( V_n \)). - The current \( i_2 \) passes through another \( 20 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor from the inverting input of the second op-amp. - The current \( i_3 \) moves through the \( 40 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor from \( V_n \) towards the second op-amp. - The output current \( i_4 \) flows through the \( 50 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor to the ground. 4. **Op-Amp Configuration:** - Two op-amps are illustrated with standard positive and negative input terminals. The first op-amp has its non-inverting terminal connected to \( V_1 \) and its inverting terminal connected through resistors to the non-inverting terminal of the second op-amp. - The second op-amp receives inputs from its inverting terminal through the \( 40 \, \text{k}\Omega \) resistor and its non-inverting terminal directly from the ground. This circuit likely operates as a specific form of amplifier
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In this question, we need to determine the unknown voltages and currents. 

We solve this problem using the virtual property of the op amplifier. 

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