Finance Draw payoff diagrams for the following portfolios entered into at times: ( a) A long position in one stock. ( b) A long position of K kr into the money market account. (c) A short position in one put with strike K kr. (d) A long position in two calls with strike K kr. (e) Again consider exercise a-d. Now draw profit diagrams instead of payoff diagrams. Clearly state any assumptions introduced.
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Finance
Draw payoff diagrams for the following portfolios entered into at times:
( a) A long position in one stock.
( b) A long position of K kr into the
(c) A short position in one put with strike K kr.
(d) A long position in two calls with strike K kr. (e) Again consider exercise a-d.
Now draw profit diagrams instead of payoff diagrams. Clearly state any assumptions introduced.
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- can you draw a profit diagram of the portfolio above and state any assumptions that must be made. Also, is the cost of the portfolio positive?Draw the profit diagram of the portfolio above (and clearly state any assumptions you make).Recall that the profit is equal to the difference between the payoff of the portfolio at expiry (maturity) date and the cost of the portfolio. Is the cost of the portfolio positive?There are three explanations for the shape of the yield curve i.e. Unbiased expectations theory, Liquidity theory, and Market segmentation theory. Please Discuss each one and compare them.
- Using the data generated in the graph, show what the information looks like in a spreadsheet. a) Plot the Security Market Line (SML) b) Superimpose the CAPM’s required return on the SML c) Indicate which investments will plot on, above, and below the SML? d) If an investment’s expected return (mean return) does not plot on the SML, what does it show? Identify undervalued/overvalued investments from the graph.Fill the parts in the above table that are shaded in yellow. You will notice that there are nineline items. Using the data generated in the previous question (Question 1);a) Plot the Security Market Line (SML) b) Superimpose the CAPM’s required return on the SML c) Indicate which investments will plot on, above and below the SML?d) If an investment’s expected return (mean return) does not plot on the SML, what doesit show? Identify undervalued/overvalued investments from the graph Please answer A, B, C & Da) discuss the relationship between the up-factor (u), down-factor (d), risk-free rate (r), and binomial probability (p) in the binomial model. b) discuss the assumptions in Black-Scholes-Merton model (BSM) from memory. c) discuss the variables in the BSM formula and explain how they affect call option pricing. d) define historical volatility and implied volatility. e) demonstrate how to reduce risk with gamma hedging.
- The slope of the Security Market Line equals to ____, and the slope of Capital Allocation Line equals to____. Select one: A. Beta; Sharpe Ratio B. Market Risk Premium; Sharpe Ratio C. Risk free rate; Volatility D. Market Risk Premium; Volatilityi) Calculate the expected return for each stock assuming the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is valid, and explain if they are correctly priced. Show your calculations.Draw the profit diagram (profit not payoff) of a portfolio consisting of a long position in two call options with exercise price ?, a short position in five call options with exercise price 2? and a long position in four call options with exercise price 3?. All options have the same maturity date and the same underlying stock. Clearly state any assumptions made. Is the cost of the portfolio positive?
- 3) The return on a stock, in a factor model, in a given period will be related to A) firm-specific events. B) macroeconomic events. C) the error term. D) both firm-specific events and macroeconomic events. E) neither firm-specific events nor macroeconomic events. 4) Assume the index model is valid, what inputs will be required to determine covariance between two assets? A) βk B) βL C) σM D) all of the options E) None of the options are correct.Choose the correct answer with justification.An investor takes as large a position as possible when an equilibrium price relationship is violated. This is an example of:a. A dominance argument.b. The mean-variance efficient frontier.c. Arbitrage activity.d. The capital asset pricing model.Using the stock price data for any two companies provided below carry out the following tasks: 1.Compute, for each asset: i.Total Returns ii.Expected returns iii.standard deviation iv.Correlation Coefficient 2.Construct the variance-covariance matrix 3.Construct equally weighted portfolio and calculate Expected Return, Standard Deviation and Sharpe ratio. 4.Reconstruct equally weighted portfolio and calculate Expected Return, Standard Deviation and Sharpe ratio. 5.Use Solver to determine optimal risky portfolio. 6.Create hypothetical portfolios (commencing from Weight A=0 and weight B=100) 7.Calculate Expected return and Standard Deviation for all the above combinations 8.Graph the efficient frontier 9.Graph the optimal portfolio 10.Assuming that the investors prefers lower level of risk than what a portfolio of risky assets offer, introduce a risk free asset in the portfolio with a return of 3% 11.Using hypothetical weights (A= Portfolio of Risky Assets, B= 1 Risk Free…