Fill in the blanks: The two most common visual pigments (photosensitive pigments) of insects are ______ and metarhodopsin. These pigments are contained in the regions of the ommatidium called the _____, which consists of "brush-like" fringes of microvilli that run the full length of the inside surface of each _____. which are the sensory neurons of the ommatidium. The _____ of the ommatidium is composed of the corneal lens and the crystalline cone.

Amniotes focus on nearby objects by _____. moving their lens forward in their eye further from the retina   moving their lens backward in their eye closer to the retina   contracting their ciliary muscle to release tension on the zonular fibers so that the lens becomes rounder   contracting their ciliary muscle to increase tension on the zonular fibers so that their lens becomes flatter   relaxing their ciliary muscle to put tension on the ciliary fibers so that their lens becomes flatter

When two eyes were made to innervate the same tectum in frogs, the two eyes did not project in a topographic manner. each eye innervated mutually exclusive stripes of tectum. both eyes projected evenly over the entire tectum. two separate visual fields, one from each eye, were projected onto each half of the tectum.

4. Draw and label a compound eye. What arthropod groups possess these? How do appositional and superpositional eyes differ? How do these differences affect their performance? What is special about the eyes of stomatopods? (see Crustacean videos on class Moodle site).

List as many structural and functional differences betweenrods and cones as you can.

The membrane potential of cells within the visual system is recorded in the dark, then following a brief flash of light. During the flash of light you would expect __________ cells to _____________       a   rod cell; hyperpolarize  b   bipolar cell; depolarize  c   ganglion cell; depolarize  d   all of the above are correct

Rods and cones differ in how they connect to bipolar cells and eventually to ganglion cells. The major difference is that many cones converge onto one ganglion cell many cones converge onto one bipolar cell many rods converge onto one bipolar cell one rod reaches one bipolar cell

the octopus eye works in a manner similar to a human eye but is "from a different evolutionary line. Why do you think this is?

Describe how hair cells work in general, and in the fish lateral line system.