Figure Q2 subtractor that is designed using full adder modules. Verilog code of adder module is given in Listing Q2(b). Input M controls the operation mode of the FBD. i. Determine the operation mode of the FBD when M = 0 and M = 1. Justify your answer. i. Determine S and c values, if M=0, A=10102, B = 11002.
Quantization and Resolution
Quantization is a methodology of carrying out signal modulation by the process of mapping input values from an infinitely long set of continuous values to a smaller set of finite values. Quantization forms the basic algorithm for lossy compression algorithms and represents a given analog signal into digital signals. In other words, these algorithms form the base of an analog-to-digital converter. Devices that process the algorithm of quantization are known as a quantizer. These devices aid in rounding off (approximation) the errors of an input function called the quantized value.
Probability of Error
This topic is widely taught in many undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses of:
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![(b) Figure Q2(b) illustrates Functional Block Diagram (FBD) of a four-bit adder-
subtractor that is designed using full adder modules. Verilog code of the full
adder module is given in Listing Q2(b). Input M controls the operation mode of
the FBD.
i. Determine the operation mode of the FBD when M = 0 and M = 1. Justify
your answer.
ii. Determine S and c values, if M=0, A=10102, B = 11002.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F35d5772a-56f2-46b6-a8c3-6044a9932042%2F6c652378-4100-4ec1-adcb-e48ef5185ffd%2Fywwh66_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![CA
B3 A3
Co
b
a
FA4
S
S3
C₁
C3
B₂ A₂
b
Co
a
FA3
S
S₂
C₁
C2
B₁
A₁
ba
FA2 C
S
S₁
Figure Q2(b)
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Listing Q2(b)
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b a
FAI C
S
C1
20
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module fulladd (ci, a, b, s, co);
input ci, a, b;
output s, co;
Co
assign s = a^b^ci;
assign co = (a&b) | (a&ci)| (b&ci);
endmodule
-M](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F35d5772a-56f2-46b6-a8c3-6044a9932042%2F6c652378-4100-4ec1-adcb-e48ef5185ffd%2Fsjwdcgp.png&w=3840&q=75)
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