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Q: Below are aberrations due to changes in chromosomal structure and number. Identify of the following…

A: Down’s syndrome- trisomy of 21st chromosomes. Cri-du-chat (cat's cry) syndrome, also known as 5p-…

Q: Which of the following favors the alignment of chromosomes along the equatorial plate? a.)Centromere…

A: A cell can divide either by mitosis or meiosis. Mitotic cell division refers to the process by which…

Q: a. What is the ploidy of this organism? Provide evidence for you p. How many chromosomes does this…

A: Since you have posted a question with multi- sub parts , we will solve first three sub-parts for…

Q: EC4. In a test-cross of trihybrid drosophila the following phenotypes and number of offspring were…

A: The cross, which involves the inheritance of three genes is called the trihybrid cross. According to…

Q: When the Ascomycetes fungus reproduces sexually, mating type A fungi cross fertilize mating type a…

A: Ascospores are sexual spores found in the ascocarp of Ascomycetes belong to Phylum Ascomycota of…

Q: According to the endosymbiosis theory, mitochondria and chloroplasts are derived from bacteria that…

A: The endosymbiotic theory tells about the origin of two eukaryotic organelles which possess the…

Q: The diagram below represents a yeast cell that is in the process of budding, a form of asexual…

A: Reproduction is a process which leads to produce the offspring in next generation.

Q: Data has been collected on the number of black seeds and yellow seeds on a cob of corn. The data,…

A: Chi square value is calculated in order to find the cross accepts or rejects the mendelian dihybrid…

Q: Five independently isolated mutants of yeast all of which are unable to grow in the absence of…

A: The term genetic complementation of two genes suggests that the two mutated genes have a mutation at…

Q: You are working with two different yeast cultures to study their genetics. But, you are not sure…

A: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a yeast species, mates when two haploid cells of opposing mating types…

Q: An organism has three copies of every chromosome. Some of the chromosomes are from one species, and…

A: Polyploidy is the condition in which a normally diploid cell or organism acquired one or more…

Q: Explain the terms haploid, diploid, and polyploid. Why is polyploidy so much more common in plants…

A: Haploid means a cell containing a single set of chromosomes (n). For example, eggs and sperm are…

Q: Inspect this figure showing relations of parents and offspring in species with haplodiploid sex…

A: Relatedness value is the probability that two individuals share an allele due to recent common…

Q: In your own words, explain the laws of segregation and independent assortment from a molecular…

A: Law of segregation states that each individual possess two factors for a particular character and…

Q: You receive four strains of yeast in the mail, and the accompanying instructions state that each…

A: The expression of a gene in a eukaryote depends on various factors and is regulated by different…

Q: What is one statement that would support the theory that all organisms are related? A) The genetic…

A: In addition to being degenerate, the genetic code is also called to as 'unambiguous,' implying so…

Q: A pollen of maize with nuclei labeled P, Q and R fertilized an embryo sac with nuclei labeled S, T,…

A: In maize, the ploidy of embryo is 2n. During the fertilization the germ cell of pollen divides…

Q: Two yeast strains were mated. One was red with mating type A the other was red+ with mating type B.…

A: 41        red+     B     (Parental) 43        red       A     (Parental) 10        red+     A…

Q: Genes D, E, F, and Gare located on the same chromosome. The recombination frequencies (RF) are as…

A: Recombination frequency gives us the proportion of offsprings that are not parental types but…

Q: . Imagine that you have done a cross between twostrains of yeast, one of which has the genotype A B…

A: A genetic cross is defined as deliberately mating two individuals to create a desired genotype in…

Q: Alternation of generations means -One phase of the life cycle is photosynthetic and the other is…

A: The objective of the question is to understand the meaning of 'Alternation of Generations' in the…

Q: Streptomycin resistance in Chlamydomonas may result from a mutation in either a chloroplast gene or…

A: A scientist, Ruthsagar in 1965 reported in green algae ( Chlamydomonas reinhardi ) some cases of…

Q: 1.) The number of sister chromatids in a chromosome at metaphase is a.) two in mitosis and one in…

A: Cell division is the phenomenon which involves splitting of main cell into respective novel cell…

Q: Which genomes are larger, those of chloroplasts orthose of mitochondria? How does your genome…

A: Genome refers to the complete set of the DNA (Deoxy ribonucleic acid) of an organism).

Q: In a species of ciliated protist, a segment of genomic DNA is sometimes deleted. The deletion is a…

A: The biochemical molecule that is built up with two polynucleotide chains is called DNA…

Q: 4. (a) Please fill out the following table to describe the classic floral phenotypes of A, B, and C…

A: The flower contains sepal, petal, stamen and carpel. There are three genes which controls the…

Q: 2. Life cycle of fungi As with plants and animals, the life cycles of most fungi transition between…

A: Fungi are achlorophyllous, heterotrophic, spore-forming, non-vascular, eukaryotic organisms. They…

Q: ) Suppose that in a species of flowering plant, we cross a plant with red flowers with a short stem…

A: Mendel uncovered the fundamental laws of heredity. His experiments demonstrated that the inheritance…

Q: Inspect this figure showing relations of parents and offspring in species with haplodiploid sex…

A: Relatedness value is the probability that two individuals share an allele due to recent common…

Q: Use this diagram of a Punnett square to answer the following questions. Which part of this diagram…

A: Introduction :- When an organism's cells only have one set of chromosomes, the organism is said to…

Q: Discuss how ultra violet light works as a mutagen. This could include: What is UV light and the…

A: Electromagnetic radiation is an energy form that possesses both magnetic and electrical components.…

Q: The DNA fragments show a portion of two nonsister chromatids before crossover. Suppose strand…

A: Chromosomes are long thread-like structures made up of repeating DNA sequences. Any change in the…

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A: Meiosis is a sort of cell division in sexually reproducing animals that results in the production of…

Q: Metacentric chromosomes have a centromere located:   A. near the middle of the chromosome…

A: The centromere is the specialized DNA sequence of a chromosome that links a pair of sister…

Q: A. Dr. Doebley and his team compared the DNA sequence of maize to that of a number of teosinte…

A: Corn (Zea mays), often known as Indian corn or maize, is a grass family (Poaceae) cereal plant with…

Q: Why have we chosen a human Rab protein with no direct yeast equivalent as an “outgroup” for this…

A: Rab protein: it plays important role in recruitment of organelle specific vesicles tethering…

Q: Humans and many other complex organisms are diploid, possessing two sets of genes, one inherited…

A: Evolution is the process of development of an organism in such a manner that it has an advantage…

Q: In just a few sentences, discuss why homoploid hybrids typically have a more difficult time forming…

A: Homoploid hybrids: It is the common type of hybrid speciation in plants seen where production of…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.