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- Which one of the amino acids below would most likely be present in the part of the protein touching the membrane's hydrophobic tails? Choice 1 of 5:lysineChoice 2 of 5:tryptophanChoice 3 of 5:threonineChoice 4 of 5:glutamineChoice 5 of 5:aspartic acid Q2 sugar Grading comment: Where do plants make sugar? Choice 1 of 4:photosystem II of the light reactionsChoice 2 of 4:glycolysisChoice 3 of 4:the Calvin cycleChoice 4 of 4:photosystem I of the light reactions Q3 willow experiment Grading comment: The Willow Experiment shows that: Choice 1 of 4:the seeds that got only water did not do photosynthesisChoice 2 of 4:oxygens in heavy water emerge as heavy oxygen gasChoice 3 of 4:the mass of a tree is derived by absorption of sunlight energyChoice 4 of 4:the mass of a tree does not derive from its soil Q4 cells Grading comment: If a cell is placed into an extremely salty solution, the cell will: Choice 1 of 3:swellChoice 2 of 3:shrinkChoice 3 of 3:no change…Terpenes are a class of lipids based on the isoprene molecule and are typically incorporated into complex molecular structures. Which of the following molecules 3. a) b) retinal vitamin K vitamin E phosphatidic acid coenzyme Q lonile The steroids are lipids with a variely of different functions in cells that have structures based upon the steroid nucleus. Sterolas that have cholesterol as a precursor but do not function as hormones include: a) myristic acid, palmitic acid b) glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids tristearoylglycerol, trioleoylglycerol cholic acid, deoxycholic acid sphingomyelins, glycosphingolipids c) d) e)Nearly all bacteria contain peptidoglycan. Review the structure of peptidoglycan by selecting the correct characteristics listed below. Check All That Apply Polymer of alternating N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) Contains a tetrapeptide that extends from N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) Contains D-amino acids not found in proteins All bacteria use a peptide interbridge to connect the sugar strands Peptidoglycan is a strong and rigid structure
- attached to the polypeptides keep the amino acid chains in an extended configuration. Membrane proteins of animal cells can have the majority of their polypeptide chains extending above the plasma membrane surface. Carbohydrate molecules covalently These membrane proteins are examples of: a) b) c) d) lipoproteins extracellular proteoglycans glycoproteins peptidoglycans B-barrel proteins Carbohydrates can be attached to hydroxylysine amino acid residues. Carbohydrates of this type are called: polypeptide chains through serine, threonine, or glycosaminoglycans O-linked oligosaccharides lipopolysaccharides O-antigens N-linked oligosaccharides a) b)Create a Concept Map on the classification of lipids. There are two ways to classify lipid molecules, (1) biochemical functions (ex: storage lipids, structural lipids, membrane lipids, messenger lipids, etc), and (2) saponification characteristics (saponifiable vs non-saponifiable). I want you to be very detailed in your work and put some examples in each class. If there are subclasses then put them as well.Represent below 1-stearyl, 2-linoleyl phosphatidyl- choline. To which family of lipids does this molecule belong? What is its global charge? Circle its hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts. Stearic acid: C18:0; linoleic acid: C18:2 (A9,12) cis
- 1 3 6 HO-C-H CH₂OH c=0 H-C-OH I H-C-OH CH₂OH H Н Н N-C-C CH =0 он HC CH2 CH3 4 но TII H2N-C-C-ОН 7 CH2 | ОН CH₂OH ОН о о ОН ОН 8 5 2 0 0=P-0 о NH₂ N OHWhy might adding a strong reducing agent like Dithiothreitol (DTT) help denature an extracellular protein? O Disulfide bonds might be reduced that might be critical in stabilizing its structure O Disulfide bonds might be oxidized that might be critical in stabilizing its structure O Disulfide bonds formed inside the cytoplasm can be oxidized O Cysteines can be reduced to form stabilizing disulfide bondsBased on your understanding of the principles guiding folding of globular protein, briefly explain why a folded protein cannot consist of a single alpha-helix or single beta-strand
- 1. Theoretically, a protein could assume a virtually infinite number of configurations and conformations. Suggestseveral features of proteins that drastically limit the actual number. 2. What are the greatest structural features that differentiate sphingolipids from phosphoglycerides? 3. High levels of glucose-6-phosphate inhibit glycolysis. If the concentration of glucose-6-phosphate decreases,activity is restored. Why?Which model (2D topology or trRosetta) is likely a better representation of the actual protein AlaE, why?Which statement is true about protein folding? ○ The equilibrium between folded and unfolded states is best determined by measuring the time course of unfolding ○ Refolding of a protein typically exhibits a linear dependence on the concentration of denaturant ○ The sigmoidal shape of the unfolding transition reflects the complex architecture of proteins ○ Proteins with stable folding intermediates usually exhibit smooth free-energy funnels ○ The rate of unfolding increases as the temperature increases towards the Tm value