Explore the concept of smart grids in power systems. What technologies and strategies are employed in smart grids, and how do they enhance the efficiency and reliability of electrical distribution

Discuss the challenges associated with integrating renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, into the existing power grid. How can these challenges be mitigated?

What is the significance of distributed energy resources (DERs) in enhancing the resilience and reliability of power systems?

2. a) Explain the terms load factor and diversity factor. b) Discuss the advantages of interconnected grid system. c) A generating station is to supply four regions of load whose peak loads are 10 MW, 5 MW, 8 MW and 7 MW. The diversity factor at the station is 1-5 and the average annual load factor is 60%. Calculate: (i) the maximum demand on the station, (ii) annual energy supplied by the station and (iii) suggest the installed capacity and the number of units.