Explain the principles of the redox code. Distinguish between redox switches and redox sensors.

Q: What is Ehler Danlos Syndrome (EDS)? What is the biochemical abnormality? What are the different…

A: Genes are responsible for the expressed characteristic of a cell. A mutation in the gene that is…

Q: List two ways in which glutathione functions in red blood cells.

A: Glutathione is a tripeptide which means it is composed of three amino acids, namely- glycine,…

Q: Explain the biochemical functions and deficiency manifestation ofVit D ?

A: The study of chemical reactions that occurs within living organisms is called biochemistry. This…

Q: Measure the uptake of leucine by epithetial cells of the mouse intestine. rements of the rate of…

A: Leucune Transport is example of facilitated transport which is the passive transport of the amino…

Q: Which of the following about adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is FALSE?   A)   There are two…

A: Introduction :- Phosphoanhydride bonds are high-energy bonds between phosphates in which a phosphate…

Q: Human serum transferrin is an iron transport protein. With the use of appropriate diagrams, describe…

A: Transferrin protein is a protein complex, which is known to transfer iron molecules to the cell.

Q: Assuming you have an agonist, a competitive antagonist, and an easy assay for measuring binding of…

A: An agonist is a substance that can bring about a specific physiological response by binding to a…

Q: The figure shows binding curves for two proteins that bind the same ligand. Which binding curve…

A: Ligand binding curve: this is also called as saturation curve that shows the fraction Y of protein…

Q: Which of the following amino acid residues would not provide a side chain for acid-base catalysis at…

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which are essential to the structure and function…

Q: Explain AMPPNP

A: AMPPNP is useful to understand the muscle contraction.

Q: Pathways that use cyclic AMP as a second messenger typically involve ... O a) activation of…

A: Secondary messengers are the intracellular signaling molecules released by the cell to trigger…

Q: Which patch clamp technique should be used if you want to investigate the effect a compound has…

A: The patch clamp technique - a laboratory technique. patch clamp technique used in electrophysiology…

Q: Sketch the Hill plot for a system with negative cooperativity. Be sure to a) label your axes, and to…

A: A protein with multiple binding sites for a ligand can exhibit cooperativity. Cooperativity is the…

Q: What is the difference between non-competitive or allosteric modes of inhibition for the compounds…

A: Hi! As you have posted multiple questions, I will be answering the first question for you. If you…

Q: Define the term Allosteric Modulation?

A: The word, Allosteric, is derived from the Greek language in which Allos meaning 'other' and stereos…

Q: 1) How many binding sites per molecule does the receptor have? 2) What type of cooperativity is…

A: Binding sites It is a location on a protein known as a ligand that attaches to an incoming molecule…

Q: Sphingosine-1-phosphate (SPP) has recently been discovered to be important for cell survival. The…

A: For a one-substrate enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the Michaelis-Menton equation shows the quantitative…

Q: 1) A ligand-binding protein showing negative homotropic cooperativity? a) should give an nH value…

A: Cooperativity or cooperative binding occurs when binding of one molecule influences the affinity of…

Q: Transition-state analogs, which can be used as enzyme inhibitors and to generate catalytic…

A: Compounds resembling the transition state of a catalyzed reaction should be very effective…

Q: The allosteric regulation of ATCase by CTP is an example of:   1. Negative homotropic allostery…

A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that aid in the speeding up of chemical reactions in living…

Q: What are the four necessary conditions that define the biochemical standard state?

A: A typical situation is an irrational situation set for something in order to create a standard…

Q: What biochemical changes are required to convert tyrosine to (a)  norepinephrine and (b)…

A: Much of the tyrosine is catabolized for energy production instead of getting incorporated into…

Q: Radioactive uracil can be used to label all of the pyrimidine residues in DNA. Using either names or…

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecule composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each…

Q: 72. Explain the basics of the interactions between ligands (chemical messengers) and their…

A: Cell signaling relies on ligand-receptor interactions to regulate physiological processes and…

Q: what is the standard of FTIR in pectin?

A: Infrared spectroscopy analyses the samples by infrared spectrum. The infrared absorption of…

Q: The distal Histidine (His 64) in myoglobin is subjected to three different mutations, this is one of…

A: Both hemoglobin and myoglobin are oxygen binding proteins which are found in the red blood cells…

Q: What molecule acts as a positive effector (activator) of ATCase? What molecule acts as an inhibitor?

A: ATCase or aspartate carbamoyltransferase is the multi-subunit enzyme with 12 subunits that catalyzes…

Q: 3) Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are zinc-dependent enzymes that catalyse the conversion of…

A: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) converts acetyllysine to lysine by removing acetyl group from lysine. The…

Q: What two biochemical roles does CCK play? GLP-1?

A: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone of the gastrointestinal system and is responsible for…

Q: What is cooperative binding and how can I distinguish positive and negative cooperativity? How does…

A: Enzymes are the biological catalysts that alter the rate of the reaction. This enzymes has specific…

Q: Consider the binding reaction L + R → LR, where L is a ligand and R is its receptor. When 1 × 10−3 M…

A: The equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction is the value of its reaction quotient at chemical…

Q: Explain the biochemical basis of NSAID nephropathy?

A: NSAIDs are basically Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs. These are medications that are used as…

Q: you were to remove the ER retrieval signal (KDEL) from protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), which is…

A: Signal sequence is a specific tag of a short peptide which is attached to the N terminal of the…

Q: The alpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G-protein complex becomes activated upon activation of a…

A: Introduction: G Protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) also known as serpentine receptors or seven-pass…

Q: Explain the limitations of the following expressions: (a) DS = C ln(Tf /Ti), (b) DG = DH − TDS, and…

A: (a) DS C ln(Tf /Ti)The above equation represents a relationship in thermodynamics and is related to…

Q: Describe the features of the first binding site (for allosteric enzyme unprotkb-p39086), including…

A: Answer ::   Ligands are the molecules that bind to a receptor and change the confirmation of the…

Q: Calculate the concentration of the ligand required to fill 25% of the binding site.

A: Given, X+A ⇌ XA       , ka = 1.5 ×10-6 Y+A ⇌ YA         , ka = 4.7 × 10-4 Kd = 1Ka So,  Kd for first…

Cell Signaling

It allows cells to perform various cellular activities, coordinate, and interact with other cells. All cells of an organism receive signals from their environments and respond accordingly. Even the unicellular eukaryotes receive signals secreted by other cells and respond. In the case of yeast, mating takes place by signaling between the yeast cells. Communication by cell signaling in a multicellular organism has become a vast and important part of various fields of biology.