Explain the concepts of natural killer cells and superantigens.

During the innate immunity response, which of the following pathogen types would you expect to be treated more similarly: helminths and viruses or extracellular bacteria and fungi? Why?

Although the complement cascade can be initiated by antibodies bound to the surface of a pathogen, complement activation is generally considered to be an innate immune response. This is because: Two of the three pathways for complement activation are initiated by constitutively produced recognition molecules that directly interact with microbial surfaces. When the complement cascade leads to the formation of a membrane-attack complex, the pathogen is killed. Several of the soluble products generated by complement activation lead promote the inflammatory response. Complement proteins bound to the pathogen promote uptake and destruction by phagocytic cells. The C3 convertase is only produced when complement activation is initiated by antibody binding to a pathogen.

Describe an immunodeficiency that a person could have that would cause the immune system to select the incorrect immune response to Mycobacterium leprae.What gene would be mutated and how would this alter the immune response to this pathogen?