Explain how transcription and translation may or may not be altered by a virus such as West Nile Viru

The genetic code is defined as a series of _______________ in _______________. (a) anticodons; tRNA (b) codons; DNA (c) anticodons; mRNA (d) codons; mRNA (e) codons and anticodons; rRNA

Portions of eukaryotic mRNA sequence that are removed during RNA processing are . a. exons b. caps c. poly-A tails d. introns

A region on chromosome 6 has been linked to schizophrenia, but researchers have not found a specific gene associated with this disease. What steps would be necessary to locate the gene?

A certain mRNA strand has the following nucleotide sequence: 5AUGACGUAUAACUUU3 What is the anticodon for each codon? What is the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide? (Use Figure 13-5 to help answer this question.) Figure 13-5 The genetic code The genetic code specifies all possible combinations of the three bases that compose codons in mRNA. Of the 64 possible codons, 61 specify amino acids (see Figure 3-17 for an explanation of abbreviations). The codon AUG specifies the amino acid methionine and also signals the ribosome to initiate translation (start). Three codonsUAA, UGA, and UAGdo not specify amino acids; they terminate polypeptide synthesis (stop).

A frameshift mutation is caused by a: a. nucleotide substitution b. three-base insertion c. premature stop codon d. one-base insertion e. two-base deletion

In the gene-coding sequence shown here, which of the following events will produce a frameshift after the last mutational site? a. insertion of an A after the first codon b. deletion of the second codon (AAA) c. insertion of TA after the second codon and deletion of CG in the fourth codon d. deletion of AC in the third codon

Although it is well known that X-rays cause mutations, they are routinely used to diagnose medical problems, including potential tumors, broken bones, and dental cavities. Why is this done? What precautions need to be taken?

Identify the features of tRNA that are important in decoding genetic information and converting it into protein language.

Give examples of the different classes of mutations that affect the base sequence of DNA in protein encoding genes and explain the effects that each has on the polypeptide produced.