Explain how oxidation of a substrate proceeds without oxygen.

Explain how a peptide bond is formed in translation elongation in terms of: a) Which enzyme catalyzes it b) Where is occurs at the ribosome (EPA sites?) c) What kind of a chemical reaction it is.

Galactosemia is a metabolic disorder characterized by the inability to metabolize the sugar galactose. People with galactosemia suffer from liver, kidney, and brain damage among other symptoms. A gene mutation underlying galactosemia was identified by sequencing the genome of a person with galactosemia. What additional evidence would support the hypothesis that the mutation in the candidate gene causes the disease?

N-linked glycoproteins are glycosylated co-translationally at which consensussequence? A) Asn-X-Ser B) Met -Gly -X-Asn -X-Ser C) no specific sequence D) Ser- Asn -Thr E) Cys- X-As

Position on the small and large ribosomal subunits which the peptidyl-tRNA occupies prior to peptide bond formation Group of answer choices a)No answer text provided. b)A Site c)P Site

While the three previous paragraphs put on some details about enzymes, a Russian physician and chemist named Phoebus Levene focused on the three major components of a single nucleotide (phosphate, pentose sugar, and nitrogenous base) in 1919. He was also the first to discover the carbohydrate component of RNA (ribose), and carbohydrate component of DNA (deoxyribose). Years later, Levene finally identified how DNA and RNA molecules are put together Then in 1937, Hans Krebs discovered the most famous (probably) process that occur during cell respiration. This series of chemical reactions has three names such as the Citric Acid Cycle, Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle and Krebs Cycle. In this process, glucose and oxygen is converted to carbon dioxide, water, and energy. While working on bacterial samples, Oswald Avery first suggested in 1944 that the genetic material of the cell was possibly the deoxyribonucleic acid. In the middle of the 20th Century, Erwin Chargaff began to oppose Levene's…

Interpret the figure to explain how histidine and aspartate make serine a better nucleophile.  a.) histidine pulls a proton away from serine  aspartate pulls a proton away from histidine  b.) histidine pulls a proton away from serine aspartate donates a proton to histidine  c.)histidine donates a proton to serine aspartate pulls a proton away from serine d.) histidine donates a proton to serine  aspartate donates a proton to histidine

Shown below is a cartoon of a genetic oscillator. a) Convert into a Forrester diagram, state variables are D, m, E, S and P. As a reminder, dashed lines serve control/regulation. b) In a sentence, what causes the cyclic behavior in the formation of the product? DNA D mRNA Enzyme Substrate Product I 3

3)Which of the following statements are true? Choose all that apply a)There are multiple codons possible for nearly all amino acids b)Each stop codon also codes for an amino acid c)Each tRNA will base pair with only one codon d)The start codon also codes for an amino acid e)Each codon in mRNA codes for exactly one amino acid f)Each codon in tRNA codes for exactly one amino acid g)Each anticodon in tRNA pairs with exactly one codon h)Each tRNA carries exactly one type of amino acid

in all cells observed to date, DNA serves as the stable, information-rivh molecule that stores genetic information. In contrast, in almost all cases, non-catalytic RNS serves as either a labile intermediate molecule involve in the production of proteins or as a labile regulatory molecule. A) based on the material, hypothesize why the molecule structures of DNA and RNA are, or are not, consistent with these two roles. B) RNA can also serve a catalytic role(ribosomes, RNA splicing, etc). What part of the RNA molecule would you predict makes it more likely than DNA to participate in enzymatic reactions? C) Explain how all these ideas may support as "RNA World Hypothesis" where RNA evolved first, followed by DNA and protein