Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a gram positive bacilli that survives in water contaminated by a sick animal’s feces or urine, soil, or plant material. It is known for causing zoonoses, and is typically associated with occupational exposure to animals.  There are a few tests commonly used that help to differentiate the organism.  Indicate the results for the following reactions:   Catalase: TSI: Growth in gelatin:

Of , Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei, which are positive and which is negative for phenylalanine deaminase test results?

Describe the microscopic morphology of each sample observed with a Gram stain (S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis and dental plaque). Indicate the Gram reaction of each.

A farmer working on a piece of machinery gets his shirtsleeve caught in a moving piece of the equipment. His shirt is sliced, and a sharp blade covered in mud slices through his upper arm. He attempts to control the bleeding and immediately seeks medical attention. After 3 days, he develops a fever and his arm becomes extremely swollen and painful. Pulling back the bandages, he finds that the wound has become blackened and is leaking bloody fluid. Microscopic analysis of the fluid reveals the presence of gram-positive bacilli. a. Discuss what condition the patient is suffering from and the likely causative agent of this infection. b. Explain how the patient contracted this pathogenic microbe and what virulence factors contributed to the pathogenesis seen at the wound site. c. In addition to antibiotics, the physician prescribes hyperbaric therapy. Describe what this treatment involves and how it could be therapeutic to this patient.

Which of the following is a correct way to write a bacterial name? O 1) Escherichia coli O 2) Staphylococcus Aureus O 3) STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS O 4) bacillus Subtilis O 5) pseudomonas aeruginosa

List one method of disinfection, and one method of sterilization. Label which is which. A/

Within a 3-day period at a large hospital, five patients undergoing hemodialysis developed fever and chills. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pnuemoniae were isolated from three of the patients. P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, and Enterobacter agglomerans were isolated from the dialysis system. Why do all three bacteria cause similar symptoms?

After an antimicrobial drugs test, the following results were obtained from a disk-diffusion test against a bacterium.   Antiboitic A= 6mm Antibiotic B= 18mm Antibiotic C= 11mm Antibiotic D= 19mm which drug should be used to treat an infect caused by this bacterium (assuming everything else is equal about these antibiotics)?

Propionibacterium acnes is a normal member of the skin microbiome that benefits the body by lowering the skin's pH- an antimicrobial effect. However, P. acnes is also the leading cause of acne. Explain mechanistically how can a bacterium be normal and beneficial but also be pathogenic?

What chemical is utilized as the reagent known as VP-B?