Electron transport is coupled to oxidative phosphorylation in that it creates the proton gradient that provides the energy for oxidative phosphorylation. Think about how the two processes could be decoupled. A. What might be one mechanism for decoupling? B. What would be the result of decoupling? Hint: many cold-adapted animals have tissues in which decoupling happens normally

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Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.