Distributive justice differs from commutative justice because * Choose two         (a) the former concerns the distribution of goods, while the latter concerns their exchange         (b) the former serves the equality of distribution, the latter the equality of exchange         (c) the former consists in the equality of the proportions of goods and merits, the latter in the equality of the values exchanged         (d) they are different species of universal justice

Outlining examples, provide a short (economic) definition of each of these terms, which have been suggested as having a role to play in resolving social dilemmas.a) Altruismb) Reciprocityc) Punishmentsd) Social norms Answer all, please.

Question Britain is proud of its National Health Service (NHS). In 1948, the National Health Service Act stipulated that the government would provide virtually free medical care for all citizens. Physicians receive a salary plus a per-patient payment from the government. The NHS embodies the socialist philosophy that profit-driven markets are not the appropriate mechanism for allocating health care. Markets serve two functions simultaneously: (1) allocation of existing goods and services among competing buyers, and (2) motivation for producers to bring new goods and services to the market. The NHS was established to replace market-determined prices with prioritized waiting lists as the allocation mechanism among competing buyers. Recently, however, the NHS has embraced the profit motive as a mechanism for performing the second function. The Economist reported that the government has introduced mechanisms to allow hospitals and individual inventors to profit from their innovations.…

38. Which of the following describes judgments based on ethical principles that deal with fairness of the distribution of benefits and burdens in society?a. Rightsb. Virtuec. Utilitarianismd. Justice