Discuss the role that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its family of receptors play in angiogenesis.

Q: What is the normal cell signaling pathway that cardiomycyte hypotrophe affects?

A: Cardiac hypertrophy is a condition in which the heart muscle enlarges or thickens abnormally as a…

Q: Aspirin functions to decrease the probability of clot formation by (A) blocking the action of…

A: Blood is a kind of connective tissue which is responsible for transporting the materials across the…

Q: Select all that apply:   Pernicious anemia is most common in older people. Which choice lists the…

A: Anemia is a medical condition in which the body is abnormally low in red blood cell count.…

Q: Summarize how clotting can theoretically be initiated by the activation of factor XII or by the…

A: Blood clotting is the process in which blood coagulates and gradually form a semi-solid and then…

Q: Describe stages for the extravasation of neutrophils during inflammation. Include in your…

A: Introduction  Immunity: it is the property/capability of our system to fight against the harmful…

Q: What specific adverse effect is a sickle cell patient at risk for due to blood transfusions, in…

A: In addition to some common adverse effects of blood transfusion like febrile reaction , sickle cell…

Q: What is the mechanism behind the action potentials in the pacemaker cells?

A: A random, propagating, transitory and fast change of the muscle or nerve cell's resting membrane…

Q: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) is an endothelial cell-specific receptor…

A: Angiogenesis, the process of forming new blood vessels from existing ones, plays a crucial role in…

Q: The erythrocyte sedimentation rate 1.  measures the settling of erythrocytes over the period of one…

A: ESR or Erythrocyte sedimentation rate is defined as the rate at which RBCs settle in a standing…

Q: Describe the sequence of events in physiological coagulation. 2) Explain the role of the following…

A: Coagulation is a series of processes resulting in the cessation of bleeding at a wound or injury.

Q: Identify the role of PO2, PCO2,pH,adenosine,PGE2,local temperature and K+-ions in the control of…

A: Blood has nutrients and gases that are requirements of the cells in the body. The system that helps…

Q: What is the difference between extrinsic and intrinsic activation of clotting? What factor is…

A: Coagulation, also known as clotting, is the process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel,…

Q: Discuss about the concept of blood clotting,

A: Blood clotting is also known as coagulation. It is a highly conserved process in higher groups of…

Q: Hypoxia is believed to turn on the ‘angiogenic switch’ in tumors. What role do each of the following…

A: Macrophages Macrophages are inborn immune cells present in each tissue and required for homeostasis.…

Q: What features of the bypass polymerase make it ideal for its role in translesion synthesis, shown in…

A: Translesion synthesis It is a DNA damage tolerance process that allows the DNA Replication machinery…

Q: Summarize the basic features and treatments of Angina and Arrhythmias including Antianginal and…

A: Heart is one of the most important organ of body. It is situated almost of thoracic cavity space…

Q: What type of therapy could you take if you had Fragile X syndrome and how does the threapy reduce…

A: Fragile X syndrome/Martin-Bell syndrome Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is syndrome that closely associated…

Q: Throughout the development of prosthetic heart valves, how might application of nanotechnology be…

A: Nano-technologists have gotten engaged with regenerative medicine through making of bio-materials…

Q: List all the procoagulant effects of thrombin.

A: Thrombin is a serine protease. The F2 gene encodes it. Thrombin is matured from prothrombin. On…

Q: Present the comparison of clinical benefit of statins and fibrates in the management of patients…

A: Atherosclerosis is a condition in which fatty acids, cholesterol, and certain other materials…

Q: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) is an endothelial cell-specific receptor…

A: Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, plays a critical role in…

Q: What 3 clotting factors are inhibited by endogenous inhibitors? What 3 clotting factors are…

A: Blood coagulation is a procedure that converts circulating liquids into an insoluble gel inside the…

Q: Discuss the advantages of using infusion pump during intravenous therapy

A: An infusion pump is a medical device used in clinical settings for the purpose of delivering of…

Q: Aggregation of platelets

A: INTRODUCTIONAspirin (Acetyl Salicylic  acid), is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).Other…

Q: What is angiogenesis, and why do mutations that effect angiogenesis affect tumor development?

A: Tumors can actually cause this blood supply to form by giving off chemical signals that stimulate…

Q: What are some benefits and challenges of targeting angiogenesis? What are different ways we can…

A: "Cancer" is a condition in which cells proliferate abnormally and infiltrate, erode, and kill…

Q: 1. You are a lead engineer in a cGMP facility that develops and delivers tissue engineering…

A: Globally, myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death. Loss of cardiomyocytes,…

Q: What is erythropoiesis? How does erythropoiesis affect hematocrit? What factors speed up and slow…

A: Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that distributes essential substances such as…

Q: Is factor VIIa effective in reducing mortality from excessive bleeding after traumatic injury or…

A: Blood is the principal circulatory fluid of the body that aids in circulation, thus providing…

Q: If all plasma membrane Ca21 channels in contractile cardiac muscle cells were blocked with a drug,…

A: A heart muscle cell is similar to a large house with several doors and rooms. Ion channels are…

Q: Write a summary of the effects of active and passive Mechanisms on Vascular resistance?

A: Passive and active changes in vascular resistance result from changes in lung and vascular volumes…

Q: Why are the activated platelets essential in the process of clotting?

A: Platelets a major role in the process of clotting. Normally when one of your blood vessel is injured…

Q: What is a main difference between glucocorticoids and leukotriene modulators?

A: Glucocorticoids are corticosteroids, a class of steroid hormones. Glucocorticoids reduce immune…

Q: Which would affect normal blood clotting more, a mutation that blocked the production of clotting…

A: Coagulation pathway:- The common pathway consists of factors I, II, V, VII, X, and the factors…

Q: What is angiogenesis? Explain how anti-angiogenic agents can be used in cancer therapeutics

A: The  physiological process in which new blood vessels are formed from pre-existing blood vessels,…

Q: Briefly present your explanation why lipid-lowering drugs can prevent atherosclerosis progression.

A: Atherosclerosis:-This is also called arteriosclerotic vascular disease(ASVD)-It is defined as that…

Q: Flecainide and propafenone are in Vaughan-Williams (antiarrhythmic) Class IC. What is the clinically…

A: Antiarrhythmics are drugs/medications that are prescribed to patients who are suffering from…

Q: Discuss the mechanism underlying AP generation by cardiac autorhythmic cells

A: Simply put, a cardiac arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rate and/or rhythm that is not biologically…

Immune Disorders

The collaboration between the cells and proteins that work together as a defense system against infection comprises the immune system.Each of them performs a variety of tasks to recognize and/or react against a foreign body.