Discuss the possibilities for effective immunization programsfor influenza and compare them to the possibilities forimmunization for colds.

Q: Immunopathology is the study of disease states or immune dysfunctions, which are divided into two…

A: Immunopathology is a discipline of medicine that studies disease-related immunological responses. It…

Q: Describe the procedures for an ELISA test for the HIV antibodies in patients

A: HIV an influenza virus enters the cell by using endocytosis procedure. HIV is called as human…

Q: How a high incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among adults can affect the age…

A: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a life-threatening epidemic caused by HIV. The disease…

Q: Effective vaccines have been developed against diseases such as hepatitis B,smallpox, polio,…

A: The agents which stimulate the immune system and provide protection against infections/diseases are…

Q: Identify the effects of immunization on the incidence ofmeasles, mumps, rubella, and chicken pox.

A: Immunization or vaccination is the process by which the immune system of an individual is made…

Q: Define specificity and sensitivity as these terms relate to immunological testing.

A: Immunological tests employ an artificial antigen or antibody to detect the presence of an antibody…

Q: c) Discuss 'antigenic drift' and 'antigenic shift' in the influenza virus and explain how such…

A: Introduction Influenza, or "the flu," is a virus that causes respiratory illness caused by Influenza…

Q: Using info on the SARS-CoV-2 mutations, state how the occurrence of these mutated strains would…

A: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel severe acute respiratory…

Q: The epidemiologic triangle is a graphic demonstration of relationship among the following, EXCEPT: O…

A: Question - The epidemiologic triangle is a graphic demonstration of relationship among the…

Q: Describe how a vaccine can produce acquired immunity.

A: Immunity is defined as the ability of the immune system of a body to fight infectious agents. They…

Q: List examples of physical and chemical barriers toinfection.

A: The innate immune system has various first line barriers to prevent infections. These are in place…

Q: Account for the several inflammatory symptoms that occur in theinjection site when one has been…

A: Vaccination is the process of administering of a vaccine, which helps the immune system to develop…

Q: Why are vaccines used inthe prevention but not in thetreatment of infections? Whycan antivenom…

A: Introduction: Our bodies suffer from infection when any foreign particles enter  in our body…

Q: Explain how a vaccine works with an individual’s immune system to protect them from disease, and…

A: Vaccine is a biological agent administered to prevent diseases or infection in advance. Vaccines are…

Q: Describe how both active and passive immunization can be used to combat tetanus.

A: Injecting the antibodies into the systemic circulation is the process involved in artificially…

Q: Explain generally how fl u vaccines are prepared. For which groups is vaccination indicated?

A: Vaccines are biological preparations that contains the microbe or the part of the microbe that has…

Q: All of the following can be side effects of antimicrobialagents EXCEPT:(a) “Superinfections” can…

A: use, misuse, and abuse of antimicrobial agents has led to an increase in the population of…

Q: Describe the medical guidelines for vaccination, its side eff ects, and how it relates to herd…

A: Before approval for human. Vaccine should tested on various number of people for its effect and side…

Q: Describe antigenic drift and antigenic shift and discuss how they affect the epidemiology of…

A: Antigenic drift, random mutation of an infective agent leading to minor changes(mutation) in…

Q: Discuss host responses to infectious disease agents. Be sure to include herd immunity as a community…

A: The immune response of the host is sophisticated and effective at preventing bacterial infection and…

Q: Explain the two major classes of biologic response–modifying drugs: hematopoietic drugs and…

A: We can say that the disease is a condition that is caused due to deviation from the normal. The…

Q: Write down the limitations to the traditional mode of vaccine production.

A: Prevention of disease by vaccination is the most significant achievements of the mankind. Vaccine…

Q: Describe the sources and uses of artifi cial passive immunization and artifi cial active…

A: Immunity are of two types Natural immunity and Artificial immunity . The natural immunity is…

Q: Describe the properties of nonviral infectious particles.

A: The viruses are considered to be non-living when they are out of the host as they lack cellular…

Q: xplain two sources for the production of vaccines

A: A drug used to boost the immune system's response to disease. Vaccines are typically given via…

Q: Identify about the Qualities of an effective vaccine.

A: The immune system protects our body from infections.

Q: a. Explain why babies with agammaglobulinemia do not developopportunistic infections until about 6…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve the first sub-parts for you.…

Q: 9. Examine Table 1 regarding recommended childhood vaccinations. Based upon the definitions and…

A: Communicable diseases spread from one person associateother|to a different} or from an animal to…

Q: Explain what is meant by immunopathology and give some examplesof this condition.

A: Immunopathology is a branch of medical science that deals with the immune responses associated with…

Q: Should we spread out the inoculation schedule OF HIV to prevent confusion of a young person?…

A: Inoculation is a process of artificial inducing immunity against the disease.

Q: As it relates to infectious diseases, discuss the types of immune responses ( i.e., innate) and…

A: An immune response can be defined as a reaction that occurs in response to foreign pathogens…

Q: Adjust the SIR model to allow for vaccination of the susceptibles. Assume that 15% are vaccinated…

A: this stands for the standard susceptible–infectious–recovered model (SIR MODEL) the total population…

Q: efine the Recommended Immunization Schedule f dults ?

A: Immunization or vaccination is a preventive health strategy that protects from disease by the…

Q: Consider that SARS CoV-2 has a wide range of severity of symptoms, and it can have long incubation…

A:

Q: Discuss how superantigens are different from other antigens andhow they contribute to pathology.

A: Superantigens (SAgs) are a class of antigens that result in excessive activation of the immune…

Q: Explain the SARS-CoV-2 infectivity.

A: SARS-CoV-2 is a viral strain that causes COVID 19 infections. The disease was first identified from…

Q: . Choose ONE advantage of interprofessional teams, and explain how you think the corporation of…

A: Non-communicable diseases(NCDs): These diseases are also called chronic diseases and are not…

Q: Describe 2 methods of immunotherapy currently in use, and the clinical results of one of these (ie,…

A: Immunotherapy is a theraputic approach by which we makecan use of the concepts of immunology to…

Q: Briefly describe how antigenic shifts occur and can lead to the generation of pandemic influenza…

A: It is a common viral infection that can be deadly especially in high risk groups. It attacks the…

Q: The World Health Organization (WHO, 2017) haslisted six steps individualscan take to prevent and…

A: The World Health Organization (WHO, 2017) haslisted six steps individualscan take to prevent and…

Q: Explain how to prevent HIV and AIDS

A: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strikes the defense mechanism of the human body (immune system –…

Q: List the immunizations recommended for children inthe United States

A: The process of immunization refers to the strengthening of the immune system in order to function…

Respiratory Infections

Respiratory infections are infectious diseases of the respiratory tract that are mostly caused by bacteria and viruses. They cause infections of the throat, sinuses, airway path, and lungs. Respiratory infections are typically divided into two types: upper tract respiratory infection and lower tract respiratory infection.