Discuss the concept of multiversion concurrency control and its advantages in a database system.

Concurrency control is a concern in Distributed Database Systems, just as it is in other distributed systems. Is it necessary to apply concurrency control mechanisms like 2PL (two-phase locking) in a situation where fragments are not replicated? Explain.

How does concurrency control work in distributed systems, and why is it crucial for maintaining data consistency?

Distributed database management systems have the same concurrency control difficulties as other forms of distributed systems. Is it required to employ concurrency control techniques such as two-phase locking (commonly known as 2PL) in a setup with no duplicates? Explain.

Discuss the concept of distributed concurrency control in DDBMS. How do distributed locking and timestamp-based protocols ensure data consistency in a distributed system?

How does concurrency control work in a distributed database environment, and why is it crucial for data integrity?

What is concurrency control in distributed databases, and why is it essential?

Discuss the challenges and solutions related to concurrency control in distributed database systems. Compare and contrast centralized and distributed concurrency control algorithms.

Just like in other distributed systems, concurrency control is an issue in Distributed Database Systems. In a setup where fragments are NOT replicated, would there be a need to enforce concurrency control measures such as 2PL(Two-phase locking)? Explain.

How does multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) work, and what are its advantages in systems like relational databases?