DISACCHARIDE The condensation of two monosaccharide forms a disaccharide or polysaccharide if several monosaccharides are involved. When monosaccharides join together one water molecule is produced. Usually the C-1 OH and C-4 OH or C-1 OH and C-6 OH are involved in the formation of new bond called the glycosidic bond (an ether linkage). Two possible glycosidic bonds are the 1,4'-alpha glycosidic bond and 1,4'-beta glycosidic bond. Did you notice the difference between the two glycosidic bonds? 1,4'-alpha glycosidic bond ÇH2OH ÇH2OH H H H H OH is lost -H2O Он H ÇH2OH Он Но OH но Он CH2OH H OH H ОН alpha anomer H Он он H H OH H Он H OH H is lost>HO OH 1,4'-alpha glycosidic bond OH alpha anomer 1,4'-beta glycosidic bond beta anomer ÇH2OH H OH ÇH2OH H is removed он H O OH H CH2OH НО CH2OH H OH O OH H OH H. -H2O H \H OH Он OH Но H OH is removed но H H OH OH 1,4'-beta glycosidic bond beta anomer I- -T -우
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
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