Description of ActivityPrevents the repair or synthesis ofphospholipidsBreaks open bonds between NAM and NAGBinds to some DNA dependent RNApolymerasesInhibits DNA gyrase activityPrevents initiation of active ribosomeformationBinds to reverse transcriptaseInhibits integrase activityPrevents synthesis of essential amino acids byblocking a biochemical pathwayPrevents viral capsid from being dissociatedPrevents biosynthesis of mycolic acidsBinds in the A site of an active ribosomecomplexPrevents aminoacylation of tRNAsBinds to host cell receptorsInterferes with RNA dependent RNApolymeraseDenatures cytochrome proteinsBlocks ATP synthase permeaseBinds to peplomersCidal or Static?Narrow or BroadSpectrum?Effective AgainstBacteria?Effective AgainstViruses?

let's delve into each aspect in more detail: 1. Cidal or Static: - **Cidal Agents:** These agents…

Answered: Description of Activity Prevents the…

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter29: Transcription And The Regulation Of Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16P

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Cytosine deaminationoccurs ~100 cytosinesper genome per day in a human genome. Eukaryotic cells also contain residues of 5’-methylcytosine, which is involved in regulating gene transcription rates. Mutation of 5’-methylcytosine by deaminationconverts it to thymine. This presents the cell with a much more severe problem than normal cytosine deaminationof cytosine to uracil. Why?
Within living cells, many different proteins play importantfunctional roles by binding to DNA. Some proteins bind to DNA butnot in a sequence-specific manner. For example, histones are proteinsimportant in the formation of chromosome structure. The positivelycharged histone proteins bind to the negatively charged phosphategroups in DNA. In addition, several other proteins interact with DNAbut do not require a specific nucleotide sequence to carry out theirfunction. For example, DNA polymerase, which catalyzes thesynthesis of new DNA strands, does not bind to DNA in a sequencedependentmanner. By comparison, many other proteins do interactwith nucleic acids in a sequence-dependent fashion. This means thata specific sequence of bases can provide a structure that isrecognized by a particular protein.Someexamples include transcription factors that affect the rate oftranscription and proteins that bind to origins of replication inbacteria. With regard to the three-dimensional structure of…
Within living cells, many different proteins play importantfunctional roles by binding to DNA. Some proteins bind to DNA butnot in a sequence-specific manner. For example, histones are proteinsimportant in the formation of chromosome structure. The positivelycharged histone proteins bind to the negatively charged phosphategroups in DNA. In addition, several other proteins interact with DNAbut do not require a specific nucleotide sequence to carry out theirfunction. For example, DNA polymerase, which catalyzes thesynthesis of new DNA strands, does not bind to DNA in a sequencedependentmanner. By comparison, many other proteins do interactwith nucleic acids in a sequence-dependent fashion. This means that a specific sequence of bases can provide a structure that isrecognized by a particular protein.Someexamples include transcription factors that affect the rate oftranscription and proteins that bind to origins of replication inbacteria.What topic in genetics does this question address?
Within living cells, many different proteins play importantfunctional roles by binding to DNA. Some proteins bind to DNA butnot in a sequence-specific manner. For example, histones are proteinsimportant in the formation of chromosome structure. The positivelycharged histone proteins bind to the negatively charged phosphategroups in DNA. In addition, several other proteins interact with DNAbut do not require a specific nucleotide sequence to carry out theirfunction. For example, DNA polymerase, which catalyzes thesynthesis of new DNA strands, does not bind to DNA in a sequencedependent manner. By comparison, many other proteins do interact with nucleic acids in a sequence-dependent fashion. This means that a specific sequence of bases can provide a structure that isrecognized by a particular protein.Someexamples include transcription factors that affect the rate oftranscription and proteins that bind to origins of replication inbacteria.What information do you know based onthe question…
In the absence of cladosporin, explain the initiation steps in the synthesis of lysyl-tRNA synthetase enzyme or protein in the bacterial cell, with the involvement of all initiation factors, each site in the ribosome, any important conserved sequence, subunits of ribosomes, initiation codon, charged tRNA containing what amino acid, whether it requires ATP or GTP
RNA polymerase from E. coli (core enzyme alone) has all of the following properties except: a)requires all four ribonucleoside triphosphates and a DNA template. b)can extend an RNA chain and initiate a new chain. c)recognizes specific start signals in DNA. d)produces an RNA polymer that begins with a 5'-triphosphate. e)is required for the synthesis of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA in E. coli.
When Avery, MacLeod and McCarty used the enzyme __________. No bacterial transformation took place indicating that the biochemical nature of Griffith’stransforming factor is very probably ______. a)protease,protein b)DNase, DNA c)RNase, RNA d)lysozyme,components of the cell wall.
22-69 Indicate whether each of the following statementsrelating to protein synthesis is true or false.a. RNA is involved in both the transcription andtranslation phases of protein synthesis.b. DNA is the starting material for protein synthesis.c. The translation phase of protein synthesis convertsRNA to DNA.d. Transcription precedes translation in proteinsynthesis
5.Antimetabolites 5-fluorouracil and methotrexate are used for treatment of cancer. Explain the mechanism of their action. For this: aWrite the reactions inhibited by these drugs by formulas. Indicate enzymes, coenzymes. Represent the scheme ofregeneration ofrequired coenzyme, serving for transfer of one-carbon group b)Explain how the product of these reactions is used for further DNA replication. What other substrates are needed for this process? c)Write the reaction ofconvertion ofGDP todGDP. Specify the way of reduction of required specific protein. d) What are the side effects of such anticancer therapy?
Several temperature-sensitive mutant strains of E. coli displaythe following characteristics. Predict what enzyme or function isbeing affected by each mutation. Supercoiled strands remain after replication, which is never completed.
Primary secondary and tertiary structure of trna l shaped structure is in? What is a benign neoplasm originating from adipose tissue called? Anarobic respiration generally produces amount of energy than aerobic respiration?
Which statements are true? Explain why or why not.1 The consequences of errors in transcription areless severe than those of errors in DNA replication.2 Since introns are largely genetic “junk,” they do nothave to be removed precisely from the primary transcriptduring RNA splicing.3 Wobble pairing occurs between the first positionin the codon and the third position in the anticodon.4 During protein synthesis, the thermodynamics ofbase-pairing between tRNAs and mRNAs sets the upperlimit for the accuracy with which protein molecules aremade.5 Protein enzymes are thought to greatly outnum-ber ribozymes in modern cells because they can catalyzea much greater variety of reactions and all of them havefaster rates than any ribozyme.

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