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Describe the intracellular response to activation of α and β adrenergic receptors
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- Epinephrine binds to both β-adrenergic and α-adrenergic receptors. Describe the opposite actions on the effector protein, adenylyl cyclase, elicited by the binding of epinephrine to these two types of receptors. Describe the effect of adding an agonist or antagonist to a β-adrenergic receptor on the activity of adenylyl cyclase.Describe the types of adrenergic receptors and theirsubtypes.Explain the mechanism which underlies the cardiovascular affects of epinephrine and norepinephrine in terms of the distribution od adrenergic receptor types.
- In cholinergic neurotransmission, inhibition of the choline transporter will affect the normal synthesis and release acetylcholineTRUE OR FALSEList the effects of sympathoadrenal stimulation on different effector organs. In each case, indicate whether the effect is due to alpha- or beta-receptor stimulation.Under anesthesia, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors can be given in combination with blockade of muscarinic receptors. Explain the purpose of the two treatments.
- Give two mechanisms by which neurotransmitters exert their effects.Describe the activation of the β2 (beta2) adrenergic receptor, and briefly explain how this leads to increased breakdown of glycogen stores in muscle.The following compounds exhibit little to no adrenergic receptor function. Consider what components of adrenaline and noradrenaline are necessary for their action as agonists in light of this knowledge. Explain your response. Assume that the pH of the body is 7.