Describe the different modes of speciation and discuss how reproductive isolation mechanisms, developed during the process of reinforcement, ensure the integrity of incipient species

Define Species. Explain the types of speciation and the steps that lead to speciation. Provide examples and interpret data

Briefly explain, using a concrete example, how allopatric speciation can lead to the appearance of a new species

The yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis) is a widespread species along the Atlantic coasts of France and the Iberian Peninsula, the Azores Islands, Madeira, the countries of the Mediterranean basin and the Black Sea. It was formerly considered as a subspecies of Herring Gull (L. argentatus), with which it coexists in some reproductive areas. Only recently L. michahellis has been recognized as a distinct species. Following detailed comparison of the two species, researchers found that the L. michahellis's restricted but dense head-streaking and advanced primary molt in late summer, are not compatible with L. argentatus. Larus michahellis has a proportionately longer, heavier bill and bulkier head and body than L. urgentutus. In addition, L. michahellis's yellow bill has a red gonydeal spot, both colors typically brighter than in L. urgentutus outside breeding season. They also have an orange-red to vermilion orbital ring and yellow legs. DNA research, however, suggests that the…

Can divergence of allopatric populationslead to reproductive isolation?

Mach each description below to the correct type of reproductive isolation. Each option will only be used once. Cues required for sex differ [ Choose ] [ Choose ] Temporal isolation Hybrid sterility Hybrid individuals or their offspring have reduced fitness Mechanical isolation Hybrid in viability Ecological isolation Gamete incompatibility Reproduction occurs at different times Behavioral isolation Physical incompatibilities prevent sex [ Choose ] Living in different environments prevents meeting up for sex [ Choose ] Gametes meet, but fertilization does not [ Choose ] occur Hybrid individuals cannot produce [ Choose ] offspring > > > >