Describe how Wickens and the Sachs experiments provide evidence for semantic coding in STM and LTM. What can we conclude about similarities and differences in STM and LTM based on the way coding occurs in both?

How are the molecular interactions between Hoxd13 and Hoxd11 and Shh and Gli3 in the limb similar?

A researcher studying epigenetic changes induced by exercise had participants pedal a stationary bicycle with only one leg for 45 minutes a day, 4 times a week for 3 months. They then took muscle biopsies from both legs (the one that exercised and the one that did not) and compared DNA to look for epigenetic changes induced by exercise. They found over 5,000 sites on the genome where methylation patterns differed between the DNA isolated from the exercised leg and DNA isolated from the non-exercised leg.  A. How would you predict these changes would affect transcription and translation? Is there other information you need to know to feel confident in your prediction? B. Would these changes be passed down to the participants' offspring? Why or why not? C. Why did all participants exercise only one leg rather than having two groups- one who exercised and one who did not?

68) When Sperry and colleagues ablated the dorsal RGCs, the remaining ventral RGCS projected to the dorsal tectum. Conversely, when they ablated the ventral RGCs, the remaining dorsal RGCS projected to the ventral tectum. of su Ephrins and Ephs are distributed in dorsoventral gradients in both structures. EphB1 is expressed in the tectum, in a low-dorsal to high-ventral gradient. Ephrin-B1 and ephrin- B2 are expressed in the retina in a high-dorsal to low-ventral gradient. What do these expression patterns suggest about the mechanism used for dorsoventral patterning of RGCS projecting to the tectum? (3-4 sentences Max.