Define ‘gene’. What is an allele and loss-of-function alleles? What do these alleles tell us about normal gene function?

Quarter horses (for the information of non-gamblers, these are an actual breed of race horses; not all of the rest of this problem is very actual however) are produced in a two-stage process. First, a whole horse is cut in half to produce half horses. This requires a functional A gene. If there is no functional A gene, the horse remains whole. Second, the B gene cuts the half horses into quarter horses. However, a dominant C gene (C-) will block the action of the B gene, leading to a half horses instead of quarter horses. See diagram below. These 3 genes are UNLINKED. A BIBB| Bb|CCCCc b[Bbl bb C.ee A AA Ag B Whole horses → Half horses Quarter horses a Aal aa An AaBbCc horse was crossed to an AaBbes,horse (both parents have slightly different genotypes!). What fraction of their babies will be: (Hint: ask yourself what's required for each gene dominant or recessive then multiply) a) whole horses? b) quarter horses? с) half horses (hint: figure out parts a and b first, and then using…

Gene expression is... O How genes are replicated into two new strands identical to each other O How genes are duplicated, forming a new gene O How genes are mutated, creating a new allele O How genes are transcribed and translated into protein

Need answer ASAP.