(d) Find wo2 and Q2 for the second second-order section with transfer function 5.1506 × 107 H2(s) s2 + 2016.4802s + 5.1506 × 107 (e) Find the normalized component values for the second second-order section with transfer function H2(s). (f) Find the scaled (both magnitude and frequency) component values for the second second- order section with transfer function H2(s).

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d - f only, thank you!

### Fourth Order Lowpass Filter Design

#### Transfer Function
The transfer function of the fourth order lowpass filter is given by:

\[
H(s) = \frac{1.4587 \times 10^7}{s^2 + 4868.2138s + 1.4587 \times 10^7} \times \frac{5.1506 \times 10^7}{s^2 + 2016.4802s + 5.1506 \times 10^7}
\]

#### Sallen-Key Lowpass Filter Design
To design this filter, cascade two Sallen-Key second-order lowpass filters using the equal R, equal C method. The Sallen-Key second-order lowpass filter circuit is shown with components \( R_a \), \( R_b \), \( R_2 \), \( C_1 \), and \( C_2 \). \( R_a \) and \( R_b \) ensure the circuit has a gain of 1 at \( \omega = 0 \). The parameter \( k_m = 1000 \).

##### Circuit Diagram Explained
- **Input Source**: \( V_{in} \)
- **Output**: \( V_o \)
- **Operational Amplifier**: Indicated as "OPAMP" internally denoted by U1
- **Components**:
  - Resistors: \( R_a \), \( R_b \), \( R_2 \), \( R_A \), \( R_B \)
  - Capacitors: \( C_1 \), \( C_2 \)

#### Tasks
(a) **Find \(\omega_{01}\) and \(Q_1\)** for the first second-order section with transfer function:

\[ 
H_1(s) = \frac{1.4587 \times 10^7}{s^2 + 4868.2138s + 1.4587 \times 10^7} 
\]

(b) **Normalized Component Values**: Determine for the first second-order section as per \( H_1(s) \).

This setup helps in creating a fourth-order lowpass filter with desired characteristics by efficiently pairing Sallen-Key filters using straightforward calculations and known configurations.
Transcribed Image Text:### Fourth Order Lowpass Filter Design #### Transfer Function The transfer function of the fourth order lowpass filter is given by: \[ H(s) = \frac{1.4587 \times 10^7}{s^2 + 4868.2138s + 1.4587 \times 10^7} \times \frac{5.1506 \times 10^7}{s^2 + 2016.4802s + 5.1506 \times 10^7} \] #### Sallen-Key Lowpass Filter Design To design this filter, cascade two Sallen-Key second-order lowpass filters using the equal R, equal C method. The Sallen-Key second-order lowpass filter circuit is shown with components \( R_a \), \( R_b \), \( R_2 \), \( C_1 \), and \( C_2 \). \( R_a \) and \( R_b \) ensure the circuit has a gain of 1 at \( \omega = 0 \). The parameter \( k_m = 1000 \). ##### Circuit Diagram Explained - **Input Source**: \( V_{in} \) - **Output**: \( V_o \) - **Operational Amplifier**: Indicated as "OPAMP" internally denoted by U1 - **Components**: - Resistors: \( R_a \), \( R_b \), \( R_2 \), \( R_A \), \( R_B \) - Capacitors: \( C_1 \), \( C_2 \) #### Tasks (a) **Find \(\omega_{01}\) and \(Q_1\)** for the first second-order section with transfer function: \[ H_1(s) = \frac{1.4587 \times 10^7}{s^2 + 4868.2138s + 1.4587 \times 10^7} \] (b) **Normalized Component Values**: Determine for the first second-order section as per \( H_1(s) \). This setup helps in creating a fourth-order lowpass filter with desired characteristics by efficiently pairing Sallen-Key filters using straightforward calculations and known configurations.
(c) Find the scaled (both magnitude and frequency) component values for the first second-order section with transfer function \( H_1(s) \).

(d) Find \(\omega_2\) and \(Q_2\) for the second second-order section with transfer function

\[
H_2(s) = \frac{5.1506 \times 10^7}{s^2 + 2016.4802s + 5.1506 \times 10^7}
\]

(e) Find the normalized component values for the second second-order section with transfer function \( H_2(s) \).

(f) Find the scaled (both magnitude and frequency) component values for the second second-order section with transfer function \( H_2(s) \).
Transcribed Image Text:(c) Find the scaled (both magnitude and frequency) component values for the first second-order section with transfer function \( H_1(s) \). (d) Find \(\omega_2\) and \(Q_2\) for the second second-order section with transfer function \[ H_2(s) = \frac{5.1506 \times 10^7}{s^2 + 2016.4802s + 5.1506 \times 10^7} \] (e) Find the normalized component values for the second second-order section with transfer function \( H_2(s) \). (f) Find the scaled (both magnitude and frequency) component values for the second second-order section with transfer function \( H_2(s) \).
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