Coral polyps and their symbiont zooxanthallae algae are an example of..... competition O facultative mutualism O obligate mutualism predation

Besides an increase in predation what other factors might be involved in the decrease in a prey population? O depression in reproduction due to crowding increased intraspecific competition O increase in the incidence of parasitism and disease increased resource partitioning

1. Examine the food webs for Lake Victoria, East Africa (fig 31.2 a,b) before and after the introduction of the Nile perch (Leveque 1995). Calculate the mean food chain length, percent of trophic groups at various levels, and connectance for each food web. Oreochromis Insectivorous Fish Chironomids Chaoborous Man Piscivorous Fish Zooplanktivorous Haplochromines Rastrineobola Zooplankton Detritus/Phytoplankton Lake Victoria in the 1970s Detritivorous Phytoplanktivorous Haplochromines Figure 31.2. (a) Food web structure of Lake Victoria before introduction of the Nile Perch. [continued on next page) Molluscivorous Fish Molluscs

What form of competition was occurring in this paramecium example? 200 - 150 P, aurelia 100 50 P.caudatum 4. 12 16 20 24 Days a) interference, interspecific competition b) exploitative, interspecific competition c) apparent, intraspecific competition d) exploitative, intraspecific competition Population volume/mL

The most intense interactions often occur between individuals of the same species. What concept discussed in this chapter can be used to explain this phenomenon?

Species A is present in a community. Species B is introduced to the community. Over the next year, the population sizes of both continual decrease from initial numbers. Which one of the following community interactions might be the cause of this decline? Interspecific competition O Intraspecific competition O Mutualism O Parasitism O Predation