Concept explainers
23.
INTERACTION 1: Burdocks are a group of weeds and dispersal of their seeds is critical to their life cycle. Their seeds have spines with hooks that allow them to be picked up by the fur of animals passing by. The spines do not hurt the animals they attach to.
INTERACTION 2: Wax moths live in the nests of honeybees. Their larvae eat the stored honey of the bees, as well as the larvae of workers and reproductive honeybees. The adults mate and disperse to lay eggs in new nests.
INTERACTION 3: Spider crabs live in shallow areas of the ocean floor, and greenish-brown algae lives on the crabs' backs, making the crabs blend in with their environment, and unnoticeable to predators. The algae gets a good place to live, and the crab gets camouflage.
Which of the above interactions is antagonistic?
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